Szolyák Péter - Csengeri Piroska (szerk.): A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 56. (Miskolc, 2017)
Régészet - Soós, Eszter et al.: Settlement and graves from Hernádvécse (NE-Hungary) in the 5th century AD: relation of living space and burial place in the Hun Period
70 Soós, Eszter—Bárány, Annamária—Köhler, Kitti—Pusztai, Tamás The evaluation of the site brings several interesting results for the research of the Hunnic period. The structure and the provenance of similar settlements from the region have not been investigated yet. Although the ethnicity is not definable in the period, the antecedents of the settlement of Hernádvécse can be traced somewhere in the Transylvanian territories of the Säntana de Mure§— Chernyakhov culture, where the closest analogy of the specific building type, unique as yet in the Upper Tisza Region, are known. The horizon identified in Hernádvécse will be widened with the evaluation of the already excavated but yet unpublished sites.27 Without accurate chronological limits the search of the difference of the late Roman and Hunnic period settlement network is problematic. In any case it is striking that several Hunnic period settlement remains are known from the immediate vicinity of late Roman Age Barbarian sites.28 For now, the chronological relation of the two settlement horizons cannot clarified either. Beside unique features the archaeological material of the settlement and the burials in Hernádvécse reflect well the fashion of the era. Based on the data so far, the technological and typological features of the settlement ceramic material became similar across the Carpathian Basin in the 5th century AD, besides the fact that each site had unique typological forms due to self-sufficiency typical to the economy of the era. It is noteworthy that the ceramic forms in Hernádvécse show strong connections with the late provincial ware. The best analogy of the bowls and pots can be found in the territory of the province of Valeria. The animal bone material from Hernádvécse shows similarities in the frequency and the composition of the animal species to other sites from the same era. The difference is observable in the poorness of the composition of species of the site with the few domestic mammal species and the lack of hunted animals. Although several Hunnic period burials were known from the region29, their relationship with the settlements 27 Nizná Mysl’a/Alsómislye-Alamenev (BéreS etal. 1991). In the site Miskolc-ALDI 2 five semi-subterranean buildings with inner furnaces were excavated. In addition to the grainy vessels several iron tools and late Roman coins were found (Csengeri 2011). 28 Beside Hernádvécse the same situation is observable in Nizná Mysl’a/Alsomislye-Alamenev (BkreS et al. 1991), Nitra-Párovské Hájé (Pieta—Ruttkay 1997), Stúrovo-Vojenské cvicisko (Beljak-Kolník 2008) and Szilvásvárad-Lovaspálya as well. 29 Cana/Hernádcsány (Bóna 1991, 95, Fig. 36), Szirmabesenyő— Homokbánya (Megay 1952) Kistokaj—Homokbánya (Hellebrandt 1973) Pácin-Szenna Domb (Pintér-Nagy 2012) Hejőkeresztúr—Homokbánya (Csai.lány 1958) Zalkod (Germanen can only be identified in Hernádvécse. The burial of the dead in the immediate vicinity of the living space is not unique based on the above-mentioned cases, therefore the topographical relation of the burials and the settlements is worth further analysis. In addition to the chronological questions, the topic is important and interesting also from a social point of view. In the above-mentioned sites no outstanding rich graves were unearthed. Based on recent research it can be assumed that the Hunnic period social elite pursued to bury lonely, topographically far from the communities and the settlements (Kiss 2017, 37—41). The research of the social status of the deceased buried in the settlements will provide important data on the social organization of the Hunnic period as well. 5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, I would like to thank Tamás Pusztai Phd (Herman Ottó Museum, Miskolc) and Piroska Csengeri Phd (Herman Ottó Museum, Miskolc) that they not only have given me the possibility to examine the Roman and Hunnic period sites excavated by them, they have been supportive and assisted my research in the collection of the museum for years. I could not have done the scientific work without the logistic assistance István Hajdú (Herman Ottó Museum, Miskolc) and György Kalászdi (Herman Ottó Museum, Miskolc). The drawing of the brooch and the pottery kiln was made by András Füzesi Phd (ELTE ВТК Department of Archaeology), I thank him for the reconstruction. I would like to express my gratitude for the helpful advices of Attila Kiss P. Phd (University of Pécs, Department of Archaeology), Zsolt Körösfői (Jósa András Museum, Nyíregyháza), Zsófia Masek and Anett Miháczi-Pálfi (Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology). 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY ARDELEANU, Marius 2011 Imports of terra sigillata in the Upper Tisza Basin. Statistic view and historical remarks. Anodos 11, 9—20. AUFDERHEIDE, Arthur C.-RODRÍGUEZ-MARTIN, Conrado 1998 The Cambridge Encylopedia of Human Paleopathology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. BÁCSMEGI Gábor - GUBA Szilvia 2007 Tetűnt korok emlékezete. Szurdokpüspöki régmúltja a legújabb régészeti kutatások tükrében. Szurdokpüspöki. 1987) Kapusany/Kapi (Budinsky-Kricka 1957) Kosice/Kassa (Germanen 1987) Streda Nad Bodrogom/Bodrogszerdahely (Germanen 1987, 411, IX, 12)
