A Herman Ottó Múzeum évkönyve 53. (2014)
Régészet - L. Hajdú Melinda: Újabb késő neplitikus lelőhelyek Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megyében
86 L. Hajdú Melinda finds from the Late Neolithic settlement at Polgár- Csőszhalom.] Archaeológiai Értesítő 138. 29—79. SELJÁN Éva 2005 A Tiszai kultúra települése Szerencs- Taktafóldváron a késő neolitikum időszakában. Szakdolgozat, ELTE, kézirat, Budapest. SÜMEGI Pál-JUHÁSZ Imola-MAGYARI Enikő- JAKAB Gusztáv-RUDNER Edina-SZÁNTÓ Zsuzsa- MOLNÁR Mihály 2008 A keleméri Mohos-tavak fejlődéstörténetének rekonstrukciója paleobotanikai vizsgálatok alapján [Enviromental history of the Mohos peat bogs based on paleobotanical researchs.] In: BALOGH Sándor— G. FARKAS Tünde (szerk.): A keleméri Mohos-tavak. Kutatás, kegelés, védelem. Aggteleki Nemzeti Park Füzetek IV. Aggteleki Nemzeti Park Igazgatóság, Jósvafő. 35—57. TOMPA Ferenc 1927 A neolithikum Bodrogkeresztúron 31—49. [Das Neolithikum in Bodrogkeresztúr.] Archaeológiai Értesítő XIJ. 269-277. VIZDAL, Jaroslav 1973 Zemplín v mladsej dobé kamennej. Kosice 1980 Potiská kultúra na irychodnom Slovensku. Kosice 1986 Dalsie sídliskové objekty a kostrovy hrob s vypichovanou keramikou vo Vel’kych Raskovciach, okr. Trebisov—Weitere Siedlungsobjekte und eine Körperbestattung mit Stichbandkeramik in Veiké Raskovce, Kr. Trebisov.ArcheologickéKoghledy XXXV111/6. 609-622. VIZDAL, Marián 1987 Archeologické expedície pracovníkov Zemplínskeho múzea v Michalovciach na Vychodo- slovenskú nízinu v roku 1986. Múzeum 4. 23—24. 1993 Príspevok k osídleniu Vychodoslovenskej níziny v dobé potiskej kultúry [Beitrag zur Besiedlung der Ostslovakischen Ebene in der Periode der Theiss- Kultur.] Archeologické Kozhledy XLV/1. 26—55. YERKES, Richard W-GYUCHA, Attila-PARKINSON, William A. 2009 A multiscalar approach to modelling the end of the neolithic on the Great Hungarian Plain using calibrated radiocarbon dates, Radiocarbon, 51/3. 1071—1109. ZÁPOTOCKÁ, Marie 2007 Die Entstehung und Ausbreitung der Kultur mit Stichbandkeramik in Mitteleuropa. In: KOZLOWSKI, Janusz Krzysztof—RACZKY, Pál (eds.): The Lengyel, Polgár and related cultures in the Middle/Late Neolithic in Central Europe. Krakow. 199—215. NEWLY DISCOVERED LATE NEOLITHIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN BORSOD-ABAÚJ-ZEMPLÉN COUNTY, HUNGARY Keywords: Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Hernád Valley, Sajó Valley, Late Neolithic In my MA thesis I identified 47 Late Neolithic archaeological sites within the county (Fig. 1). These cannot all be discussed within the framework of the present study. The archaeological material presented here was unearthed in the Hernád Valley (Gönc-Kenderföldek, Hernádcéce-Miszlonka, Hernádszentandrás-Csárda, Ináncs-Bélus Stream, Ináncs-Dombrét) and in the Sajó Valley (Borsodszirák-Egres-dűlő). Three Late Neolithic sites were studied in this region by N. Kalicz in 1994 (Gönc, Hernádcéce, Meszes; Kalicz 1994, 263). He identified these as sites of the Lengyel culture (Phase Lengyel lb). Four new sites were added to this list during my research. Although the spatial density of the sites is far lower here than in the Tisza and Bodrog Valleys, as it is seen on the map (Fig. 1), these sites testify to the presence of Late Neolithic communities west of the above mentioned rivers. This presence made a cultural impact on the Hernád and Sajó Valleys. A small increase in the number of finds is due to the revision of museum collections as well as new findings and field walks. Future research has the potential to bring more finds to light. The analysis presented here was based on typology, the finds were, however, not abundant. A proper excavation was only conducted at Inárcs-Dombrét, while the other sites are known from field walks or other forms of find collecting. Larger samples of more than 50 or 100 pot sherds are known from Gönc-Kenderföldek and Inárcs-Dombrét. In both cases the material shows acculturation, and the changes in vessel types and ornamentation are traceable. The settlement discovered at Gönc, located more to the north, yielded vessels with applique decoration that can be traced back to the Lengyel Culture (biconical forms, tripartite cups, conical bowls, sphere-like knobs below the rim and at the carination). Spherical-shaped vessels, pedestalled bowls, ovoid shapes and beakers with changing cross sections were also present. Sherds coated with tar made of birch bark, colored with black stripes, as well as sherds with post-fired red-and-white painting were found in the sample, which suggest the impact of the Tisza culture and a Csőszhalom-type material culture. Stichband pottery fragments testify to the influence of the Malice culture, while the angular bowl rims suggest the presence of the Samborzec-Opatów group. The calibrated dating based on bone tools unearthed from the Gönc setdement is 4820-4720 cal BC, which corresponds to the classical phase of the Tisza culture (Tisza II). This mixed material culture has analogies in Cicarovce (Csicser), in the tell and horizontal settlement at Csőszhalom, as well as at the sites of Sárazsadány-Templomdomb (Church Hill), Sárospatak-Vár (Castle), Tiszatardos-Csobaji Road.
