A Herman Ottó Múzeum évkönyve 51. (2012)

RÉGÉSZET - PINTÉR-NAGY Katalin: Kora népvándorlás kori sír Pácin–Szenna-dombról

104 Pintér-Nagy Katalin THE TOMB OF THE EARLY MIGRATION PERIOD ON PÁCIN-SZENNA-HILL Keywords: Pácin-Szenna-hill, scabbard mouth, double mounts of a scabbard suspension, sword bead The tomb to be discussed in this lecture was discovered during a rescue excavation in a site to be found on PácinSzenna-hill, Bodrogköz, Northern-Eastern Hungary in 2005. The stretched out, supine body of South-North orientation was buried in an irregular, rectangular shaft grave. The artifacts found next to the corpse were a long, double-edged iron sword, a silver scabbard mouth, the double bronze mounts of a scabbard suspension, a glass sword bead, a silver buckle, a bronze buckle and a small-sized, grey piece of pottery. It can be stated on the basis of the burial rituals of the tomb excavated on Pácin-Szenna-hill that it bears a strong resemblance to the tombs of the Tiszadob region (South-North orientation, placing one or two pieces of pottery next to the feet of the deceased, long and wide burial pits). On the assemblage of the tomb in question a double influence can be detected. The round-shaped, silver buckles with incurved toggle as well as the sword beads appeared in the Carpathian Basin with the invasion of the Huns. However, the application of beads made of glass as sword beads became more frequent only after the end of the Hunnic Empire, yet, in the Carpathian Basin, this type of object still was not characteristic, not even during this period. The other influence that can be recognized on the scabbard accessories of the double-edged sword is the German, early Merovingian one. The silver scabbard mouth adorned by longitudinal cordoned ornaments as well as the double mounts of the scabbard suspension can be dated to the second half of the fifth century. This latter type of object was not a frequent find in the Carpathian Basin, this kind of mounting was encountered only in Zsitvabesenyő (Beseiíov, Slovakia), however, this one is entirely different from the find of Pácin concerning its material, its shaping and its ornamentation, as well. The finds of Epöl are similar to the finds of Pácin concerning their material, crafting. The mounts of Epöl belongs to the Nydam-Porskaer type. The double suspension mounts of Pácin—Szenna are closest to the type of Nydam-Porskaer. Thus, in spite of the fact that the tomb of Pácin bears strong resemblance to the ones in the Tiszadob region of the late fourth-early fifth century concerning its burial rituals, on the basis of the assemblage, it can be dated later. Primarily on the basis of the scabbard accessories of the sword (scabbard mouth, double suspension mounts), the tomb of Pácin-Szenna-hill cannot be dated earlier than the end of the middle third of the fifth century. Pintér-Nagy, Katalin