A Herman Ottó Múzeum évkönyve 47. (2008)

Hajdú Ildikó: Szokás - jog - hagyomány Hegyalján. Formális és informális korlátok a hegyaljai borászatban

Oláh Miklós 2003 Hungária. Budapest, Neumann Kht. (online kiadás: http://www.hik.hu/tankony vtar/site/books/b 151 /ch 17.html

) Pap Miklós 1985 A tokaji. Budapest Takács Péter 1988 Az úrbérrendezés Mádon. In: A hegyaljai mezővárosok történeti néprajza (szerk.: Bencsik János-Viga Gyula) Hennán Ottó Múzeum, Miskolc, 5-13. 2007 Tállya. In: Száz magyar falu könyvesháza. Budapest Ulrich Attila 2003 Tokaj. Várostörténeti tanulmányok IV. (szerk. Bencsik János). Tokaj Zelenák István 2006 A borút a történeti irodalomban. In: Zempléni Múzsa. VI. évf. 1. (21.) sz. CUSTOM, LAW AND TRADITION IN TOKAJ-HEGYALJA. FORMALAND INFORMAL CONSTRAINTS OF THE WINERY Every society and community, as Douglass C. North said, devises constraints that structure human interaction and which are necessary for its own subsistence and development. These constraints are of both controlling and possibility raising type. Today these mainly appear in the laws. During the former centuries and in the closed communities the roots of the laws - for example customs, beliefs and patterns of behaviour, and their institutionalised forms, the traditions - were of higher importance. Their most important elements primarily materialized in the laws of villages and common laws. My study describes cases in Tokaj-Hegyalja region in which this process of change can be found, the result of which certain aspects of traditions transfer into the field of the law. This happens, for example, simultaneously with the appearance of the "aszú" wine. The new product and its making process became more and more a tradition. After its development, in a little longer than a century the law, as a result of demands and other economic incentives, already controls it. Beyond that I also study the role of modernization often seen as the opposite of tradition. This notion, even if not always considered to be an opposing element, it is a necessary factor in defining and naming the elements of the tradition. To do this, I review the major local, regional and national laws and decisions made in connection with the Tokaj-Hegyalja region, the relevant new legends and their infiltration into the traditions. Secondly, I present some legends and customs that were born or were changed with the appearance of the aszú wine, and which resulted in developing new factors in winemaking in Hegyalja district. Ildikó Hajdú