A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 43. (2004)

Nováki Gyula-Sárközy Sebestyén: Várak a történeti Zemplén megyében I.

removed. The excavation brought to light a 40-60 cm thick settlement layer of the Nyírség group of the Early Bronze Age Zok culture and a 3 m thick sequence of the Hatvan culture above it. The house remains and the finds indicated that the site was a tell settlement. The investigations also revealed that the Dankadomb had been protected with a ditch from the very beginning of its occupation. Tolcsva - Várhegy. The 485 m high Várhegy [Castle Mountain] rises above the settlement in the northeast, on the southern end of a north-south oriented long ridge. A stone rampart encloses the summit almost completely, except for the northeastern side, where a 700 m long section is missing. A roughly 100 m long section of the rampart on the southern side cannot be traced accurately. The internal height of the rampart is 1-1.5 m in some spots, while in many places it can only be traced in the form of a terrace. The age of the ramparts on the Várhegy is indicated by the Late Bronze Age, Early Iron Age and Late Iron Age sherds. The list of destroyed fortifications also includes the castellum and fortified settlement at Hernádncmeti. While there are only uncertain references to the castellum, the gates of the fortification around the Haiduck settlement on the landowner's estate are mentioned in 1704. A smaller castle, called Pusztavár [Deserted Castle], was constructed on the northwestern outskirts of Tállya in the early post-medieval period; today, only its name indicates its former presence, although there is indirect data for its existence, such as a map from 1783, on which it is marked as "Palota" [castle]. The defenceworks of the Tarcal settlement are mentioned in several late 17th century registers. It seems that the northwest-southeast oriented oval settlement core - clearly perceptible in the settlement outlay - was enclosed within a ditch and palisade with several gates. However, these defenceworks did not protect the settlement from the continuous destruction in the later 17th century, the most severe of which occurred in the 1678. Gyula Nováki-Sebestyén Sárközy 230