A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 42. (2003)

Frisnyák Zsuzsa: Magyarország kocsi- és szekérállománya, 1889

Megye Igazgatási egység (járás, járási jogú város, törvényhatósági jogú város) Személyszállító egylovas fogat Személyszállító kétlovas fogat Teherszállító egylovas fogat Teherszállító kétlovas fogat Ökrösszekér Zemplén szinnai 3 39 1 427 917 Zemplén sztropkói 1 49 17 589 297 Zemplén tokaji 7 101 26 578 465 Zemplén varannói 3 95 1 827 683 Zólyom besztercebányai 25 139 67 507 379 Zólyom breznóbányai 7 119 0 231 603 Zólyom nagyszalatnai 3 74 1 474 501 Zólyom zólyomi 0 105 13 540 512 Zólyom Besztercebánya 9 75 13 60 6 Zólyom Breznóbánya 7 38 5 74 213 Zólyom Zólyom 2 66 0 51 13 CART AND FARM-WAGON ASSET OF HUNGARY, 1889 Harnessed vehicles in Hungary were counted in 1889 by an order of the Ministry of Defence. This census turned up recently. Only single and double horse hauled, and ox-hauled wagons were considered. The cart and farm-wagon asset of Hungary comprised 1.01 million items in 1889, 641 000 ofthat were horse-hauled, and 369 000 were ox-hauled. That means 67 harnessed vehicle per 1000 people. Transdanubia had -among all hungarian regions- the biggest relative transportation capability. The relative amount of vehicles was the highest in some smaller regions close to the frontier. Examples for this are the Alvidéki district in Brassó county (182 vehicle/1000 inhabitants) and the Újegyházi district in Szeben county (169 vehicle/1000 inhabitants). Vehicles in these regions were probably also used for foreign transportation and trade. A total of 542 000 inhabitants from 17 small regions possessed only limited transportational resources. In 71% of the small regions there were less than 2000 horse-hauled vehicles. Regarding horse-hauled wagons the area spreading from Baranya county across Bács-Bodrog and Torontál counties to Temes county was the most densely equipped one in the whole country. The small regions laying on an imaginary axis drawn from Máramaros county to Hunyad county typically possessed only fewer horse-hauled wagons. Regarding ox-hauled wagons six of the seven best equipped areas were situated in Transsylvania. A total amount of 16 312 passenger and 52 554 freight carrying wagons were registered in 138 cities. Considering the amount of vehicles projected onto one thousand inhabitants, it is lower in the case of citizens (34) than of village people. With respect to village inhabitants this number is about 73. Possessing passenger draughts is also more likely in case of villages than cities. Cities owning the biggest vehicle asset (90-138 vehicle/thousand inhabitants) like Ruszt, Podolin, Vinga, Vízakna, Leibic, Breznóbánya are very underpopulated (1.5-4.8 thousand inhabitants), with a relatively lower proportion of people belonging to Hungarian nationality. Their common feature is that most of their inhabitants are not agricultural workers. The cities' structure of production, their cultural traditions and drawing power towards the environment can also be noticed at their road vehicles. Considering the vehicle asset's relative size, it does not relate to the significance or environmental role of the town in any way. Zsuzsa Frisnyák 385