A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 32. Kunt Ernő emlékére. (1994)

TANULMÁNYOK - TOLCSVAI NAGY Gábor: Történeti és etnikai kapcsolatok a magyar nyelv iráni, török és mongol jövevényszavainak tükrében (magyar és angol nyelven)

The differences between the two types can be demonstrated only briefly. For exmaple: Proto-Turkish 's y Chuvash s \, /' or Proto-Turkish *s Common Turkish s (Bashkir h) Chuvash s \ Common Turkish s e. g. Hungarian sár 'mud' Chuvash sur Tsagatai saz Hungarian söpör 'sweep' Chuvash saBdr Osmanli süpür Therefore Chuvash Turkish words are: sárga 'yellow', sárkány 'dragon', serke 'nit', but szúnyog 'mosquito' is not a Chuvash one. The most well-known difference is mentioned as rotacism: , Chuvash r Proto-Turkish V ^ \ Common Turkish z e. g. Hungarian ökör 'ox' Chuvash vdgdr Osmanli öküz Hungarian szűr 'fur.cloak' s r siiz Hungarian borjú 'calf paru buzagi Some more words of Chuvash type: görény 'polecat', gyűrű 'ring', iker 'twin', ír 'write', író 'buttermilk', karó 'stake', sár 'mud', sárkány 'dragon', szérű 'barnyard', tar 'bare', tenger 'sea', térd 'knee', tűr 'tolerate'. Lambdacism is a similar phenomenon: /Chuvash / Proto-Turkish 7 , ^Common Turkish s e. g. Hungarian dél Chuvash (missing) Uiguric tiis The case of the Common Turkish j- in word-initial position should be also mentioned. The correspondence is as the following: /Chuvash s-, sProto-Turkish *j . ^ Common Turkish je. g. Hungarian szél 'wind', Chuvash sil Uiguric jal szűcs 'furrier' 'sdvds Kazan jöjHungarian szérű 'barn-yard', szőlő 'grape-vine' and perhaps sarló 'sickle' belong to this group. There are other Chuvash type loan-words in Hungarian with zero degree wordinitial j-: Hungarian ír 'write' Chuvash sir Osmanli etc. jaz (the phenomenon of rotacism is evident). The most frequent Hungarian equivalent of Common Turkish word-initial j- is gy-. Most of the words belonging here are also Chuvash type: Hungarian gyűrű 'ring' Chuvash iara Osmanli jüzük gyom 'weed' sum joV[ 134