A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 27. Tanulmányok a 70 esztendős Végvári Lajos tiszteletére. (1989)
B.HELLEBRANDT Magdolna: A csobaji kelta sír és régészeti kapcsolatai
similar to the vessel found at Aporliget-Bátorliget site. 33 The speciality of the cantharos is the decoration of the handles, although this motive, the decorated and „X" divided surface can be seen on the belly of the mug found at Berettyóújfalu, 35 and on the upper pot-part and on the lower shoe-form-part from the back of the shoe-form-vessel found at Gáva. (Fig. 13. 1-2.) The geometric framed decoration by the handle has its only parallel up till now in the piece number one in the number 36 grave of a man in the Celtic cemetery of Vác. (Fig. 14-15.) The form of this jug can often been seen in the Transylvanian finds. 38-41 The „X" divided field was used on Celtic money as a countermark. 43 The decoration is in geometric frame on the neck of the urn found at Alsópél. Three of the six pieces of decoration can be seen in a four-angled frame. 46 According to L. Márton the decoration of the vessel at Alsópél makes the vessel belong to the late Hallstatt ceramics of the Alpine lands of the neighbouring Austria. Similar decoration consisting from geometrically arranged points can be seen on the Scythian vessel found at Muhi, too. 47 In my opinion even finds from the Early Iron Age in Hungary ought to be taken into consideration regarding the formation of vessels as well , because this wide and relatively deep type has its origin in local traditions as M. Szabó states, too. It was also thought by Párducz when a cantharos-handled vessel was publicated from the Scythian cemetery at Tápiószele. 49 Hunyady thought of Illyrian influence. 50 Its connection with religion is obvious because we know from the Thracian treasure besides others a helmet on which the decoration shows the sacrifice of a ram. 51 Miklós Szabó connects even the cantharos form with the eastern Celtic funeral cult when analyzing the ramhead-serpent of the cantharos found at Novo Mesto. 52 The small vessels know as „bullheaded mugs" by Hunyady are mostly ramheaded, we know a lot of similar ones. 53-56 Hunyady thought of Scythian influence when seeing the application of ram heads. We really found ram heads on Scythian founds e. g. on the handle of the mirror at Hejoszalonta" 17 which is similar to the one at Fejérd. 58 There was also a bronze mirror decorated with a ram head in the number 462 grave at Tápiószele/ 9 1 have to mention that a sheep in full or in parts was also put into graves e. g. at Orosháza-Gyopáros 611 and Tápiószele 61 where twenty graves contained sheep tigh-bones. On classical Scythian territory e. g. in the burial vault at Kul-Oba sheep-bones were found in a copperkettle. 62 Sheep-bones were also found as pieces of grave furniture in Celtic founds, in sacrificial pits 63 at Pákozd and in graves at Radostyán. 64 Győző J. Szabó considered them the inheritance of pre-Scythian culture on the basis of his research. 65 A great number of were found. 66_81 ~ 95 Their find-pots are enlisted in the appendix. If we look at the map it can be seen that a strong influence has to be taken into consideration on the basis of the facts told above. It was creeping forward from the South to the North in the valleys of rivers, in the eastern part of Transdanubia, from the Danube-bend to Munkács. The question arises whether there are finds in the Celtic period which are spotted on the same territory. But we did not manage to produce such groups of the archeological finds which are similar to those of the numismatic finds considered to be Celtic. 82 Projecting Hunyady's find-pots and the numismatic find-pots on the map it can be seen clearly that there are no Celtic finds on the circulation territory of the money called by Gohl coistoboci by Pink north-eastern corner. The same refers to the Bánát type money but beside this more and more mixed Celtic and Scythian cemeteries can be found. 83 By the numismatic finds we have to take notice of the spread of the imitations of the so-called Audoleon stamps, 84 which show the same the circulation as the cantharoses. (Fig. 16.) Presumably it is a way used long. ago. On the basis of old 85 and recent researches 86 the Audoleon imitations appeared in the Carpathian basin in the middle of the 3d century. The grave at Csobaj must be dated LT С, according to its analogies by the middle of the 3d century. The mentioned cantharoses got into the earth undoubtedly in different periods from LT С, to LT D but heir ideal background is 460
