Vándor Andrea szerk.: Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 50-52/2 (2005-2007) (Pécs, 2008)

Bertók Gábor-Gáti Csilla: Adalékok Baranya megye kora bronzkori településszerkezetéhez

Resume New Data on the Early Bronze Age Settlement Structure in Baranya County, Hungary Recent aerial archeological reconnaissance flights carried out in Baranya County revealed several hitherto unknown remains of earthworks and related settlements. The earthworks seem to share a number of common characteristics. On the one hand, their placement is similar, all of them are located at the end of elongated hills; they seem to have multiple defensive ditches mostly oval in shape with palisade, and several of the sites have additional linear ditches separatinf the settlemet from the rest of the plateau. Subsequent field-walking of these sites produced prehistoric material, mostly from the late Aeneolithic and Early Bronze Age. Three of the fortified sites (Görcsönydoboka-Erdő-föld, Peterd-Bakaszó, Szemely-Felső-rét) only yielded Early Bronze Age pottery including lime incrusted vessels decorated on both sides as well as pottery sherds with rough slip, while the fieldwalking of tthe others (Olasz-Olaszi-hegy, Pécsudvard-Bab-föld) produced Early Bronze Age as well as Late Bronze Age finds. There are two other sites of possibly the same age and nature whose dating has not been confirmed yet (Aranyosgadány - Hárságyi-hegy, Szilvás-Ó-szeg), but by indirect evidence. Though there are not many similar sites known, mapped ar otherwise surveyed in Hungary, the formerly known examples (Zók-Várhegy, Pécs-Nagyárpád, Döbrököz-Tüszküs, Nagygörbő-Várhegy) indicate that a characteristic settlement type of the era may have been the "acropolis-like" hillfort with a sizeable fortified settlement attached to it. The evidence provided by recent aerial reconnaissance seems to support such an observation. Having put together and analyzed the information on the recently identified Early Bronze Age fortified settlements and the already known sites in Baranya County in a GIS database there seems to be a regularity in their placement. Five of the sites near Pécs form a triangle-based grid with an average distance of 5 kilometres from each other. Application of the grid in a predictive manner led to the discovery of a formerly unknown site (Peterd, Bakaszó) and the two suspected, but unproven sites (Aranyosgadány, Szilvás) also seem to lie on the nodes of a theoretically extended grid. While the grid model is yet theoretical, its predictive application may help the identification of further sites in the near future. A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 1 37