Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 29 (1984) (Pécs, 1985)

Néprajztudomány - Zentai Tünde: A zengővárkonyi ház

238 ZENTAI TÜNDE gen, wo die Bewöklerung vor der Zeit der Türkenherrschaft an (1526-1686) einen Charakter von Sárköz aufweist. Das Haus Nr. 6 in der Kossuth Strasse wurde erneuert und steht heute unter Denkmalschutz, mit einer etnographische Austeilung, wo die Wohnkultur zu sehen ist. So wurde es unter anderen deswegen erforderlich diese etnographische Kleinmonographie zusammenzustellen. A House at Zengővárkony TÜNDE ZENTAI The study is dealing with the dwelling house and outhouses of the plot in Kossuth Street No. 6. in Zengővárkony. Besides analysing them from the point of view of vernacular architecture, the past history of the house and the furnishings appurtaining to it, is told, with the history of the residing family from 1858 up to the present day. It is divided into three chapters. Attention is drawn in the introduction to the fact, that the detailed factual analysis of a significant building is important for scientific work, because it may serve as a reliable source for a more thorough aspect, for theoretical summarisings. The first chapter gives an architectural documentation under the title „House and Plot" on basis of the latest state (1982) of the house and characterizes in details the process of conversion from 1858. The house underwent a series of cnanges, among which five stages can be marked, as it is shown on picture 10. First of all the traditional fireplaces were subject to alterations. In this chapter special emphasis is given to the evaluation of the house from the point of view of folk art. The fine ornamented plaster-work of the front, the columns of the porch, the whole well-proportioned bulk of the house is a significant example of Hungarian vernacular architecture and peasant ornamental art. The second chapter features the outbuildings. The rear part of the house, the pigsties, the barn with the stable are approximately of the same age as the main building. We get acquinted with their function, and their alteration. No more alteration took place after 1921. The third chapter pictures the life led by people in a house of this kind together with the living conditions of a farming household. It is essentially a reconstruction of family life and way of living. The delicate system of relations existing between members of the family, house, furnishings and farming activity is closely analysed here. The alterations in the house and in habitation were subject to the changes of the structure of the family. The Dékány-Hosszu family, residing in the house, was a typical well-to-do family in Zengővárkony, having 34 acres of land. Their marriages represent the interdependence of the villages of Sárköz in Baranya county. Their men married from Pécsvárad, Váralja, and Belvárd. These villages together with Zengővárkony, Nagypall, Babarc and Mohács belong to the remnants of a population of Sárköz character having spread over a big territory before the Turkish occupation (1526-1686). The house in Kossuth Street No. 6 is now a restored and protected historic building, the Museum of Sárköz in Baranya, it was therefore required among others to elaborate its small-monography.