Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 23 (1978) (Pécs, 1979)

Régészet - Vörös, István: Description of the Animal Bones from the Early Bronze Age Settlement at Szava

DESCRIPTION OF THE ANIMAL BONES FROM THE EARLY BRONZE AGE SETTLEMENT AT SZAVA ISTVÁN VÖRÖS Roe deer — sin. metatarsus distalis spec. The Early Bronze Age settlement at Szava (excavated by I. Ecsedy in 1975 and 1976) belongs to the Somogyvár—Vinkovci culture.

1 The pits contained archaeological and osteological material consisting of the bone-remains of domestic and wild animals.

2 The most part of the animal bones came from the pits 7—8, 16, 18—20, 23, 28, 30—31. Only a few bones were found in the disturbed level above the pits (blocks 3, 8, 10, upper level). The total number of animal bones recovered is 632. The anatomical classificition and the species identification was possible in 511 cases (80,85% of the total number). The bone samples represent the following domestic animals: frontosus type cattle (Bos taurus frontosus Nilsson), sheep (Ovis aries L.), pig (Sus scrofa L. f. domestica Gray). Wild animals: red deer (Cervus elaphus L.), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.), East-European type of wild swine (Sus scrofa attila Thomas), brown hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas). Beside the mammalian bones there was only one fish in the material recovered (Pisces sp. ind). The great number of the unclassifiable cortical bone fragments (121 specimens, i. e. 19,15%) and the traces of the sharp instruments on them favor the conclusion that they were food refuse — except the antlers of Cervidae. The description of the osteological matericds Pit 7. Cattle — rib-fragm., scapula distalis fragm., sin. radius diaphysis latero-ventralis cortex fragm., tibia diaphysis cortex fragm. Ovicapra — dext. M,

3 sin. radius diaphysis spec, dext. femur diaphysis spec, (gnawn). 1 Ecsedy L: Rég. Füz. 29 (1976) 16. 2 The description of the archaeological material is published in this same volume by István Ecsedy. Brown hare — vertebra lumbalis I. Pit 8. Cattle — sin. os frontale with the fragment of the basic part of the horn-core (juvenilis), os frontale (15 fragments), sin. et dext. os temporale pars processus postglenoidalis, 2 dext. et 2 sin. os intermaxilla, 2 condylus occipitalis (cut from the basioccipitalis, 2 sin. et 1 dext. os zygomaticum, 2 dext. et 1 sin. os nasale, os hyoideum, sin. maxilla (maturus), dext. maxilla, dext. maxilla oralis fragm., sin. et 2 dext. P

2

, dext. P

3

, dext. M

1

, dext. M

2 (juvenilis), dext. M

2-3 (juvenilis), sin. et dext. corpus mandibulae oralis spec, sin. corpus mandibulae aboralis spec, (maturus), dext. corpus mandibulae (infantilis), dext. M

3 fragm., dext. M

2 (juvenilis), 3 vertebra cervicalis, 44 ribfragments (one of them polished), 2 dext. scapula distalis fragm., 3 scapula fragm., sin. humerus proximalis diaphysis lateralis cortex spec, sin. humerus proximalis diaphysis spec, dext. humerus listalis diaphysis mediales cortex fragm., 4 humerus diaphysis cortex spec, sin. radius proximalis epiphysis medialis side-part spec, (burnt), sin. radius diaphysis lateralis cortex spec, sin. radius proximalis epiphysis lateralis side-part spec, (burnt), sin. radius proximalis epiphysis medalis side-part fragm., dext. radius distalis epiphysis spec, 8 radius diaphysis cortex spec, sin. ulna spec, 2 ulna-fragments, 3 sin. metacarpus diaphysis cortex spec, 2 metacarpus diaphysis cortex spec, 5 carpus-bones, sin. pelvis, 4 femur diaphysis distalis cortex spec, dext. trochlea femoris, dext. femur distalis epiphysis (subadultus), dext. tibia proximalis epiphysis (subadultus), sin tibia distalis epiphysis spec, 11 tibia diaphysis cortex fragm., dext. astragalus (the corpus tali inferioventralis damaged by cutting-implement), 3 sin. os centrotarsale sin. metatarsus proximalis epiphysis spec, sin. metatarsus proximalis epiphysis medialis side-part spec, dext. metatarsus proximalis epiphysis ventralis side-part fragm., sin. os centrotarsale + os cunéiforme II. + metatarsus proximalis epiphysis spec. (Ossa tarsalia Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve (1978.) 23, p. 137—144. Pécs (Hungária), 1979.