Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 14-15 (1969-70) (Pécs, 1974)

Néprajztudomány - Csalog, Zs.–Mándoki, L.: Phenomen of the Fashion in the Hungarian Rural Christian Namint. (Ethnolinguistical Study)

324 ZS. CSALOG—

L. MÁNDOKI Visonfa+Holma/ 1825-1849 Graph 3. period are evidence of essentially smaller cultic contents, after 1850 however the cultic background, the alignment with the name-day of these two names was getting pale gradually and their rate of share decreased parallel with these. The 47% of the Mihály—christening concentrated near the nameday in Kölked (a Calvinist village!) in the middle of the last century and we have got similar measuring results from Siklós too (32.5%). Where and inasmuch as the freer and more spontaneous intentions were not bound by facts treated above, there and so much may be prevailing the phenomenon of the so called „fashion". As it was talked about the more spontaneous and free intentions, therefore the example of the above mentioned Christian name Lajos (Lewis) from Siklós does not belong to this, where the change was caused by political- ideological effects — thus by a concrete determinant — : the „fashion" may move in a space free from direct determinations. The main point of our researches was just the clearing up of the fashion of Christian naming and that of the fashion as a general phenomenon. The historical change of the name Veronika in. Jászjákóhalma less bound by direct determinations is shown by the graph below. The results recorded on it were reduced to procent. The obtained curve is a typical fashion-curve. There is a short introductory phase, then a quick running up, slow running down, decease. The existence of name succession is announced by the double cusp, the temporal distance of the two cusps means a generation. (Graph 4.) For being able to treat it as independent from the individuality we chose ten out of the most characteristic female fashion names of Jászjákóhalma in the XIX. century and projecting their points of reference on one another we constructed their average, the theoretical fashioncurve (upper graph). We remark that the graph of each Christian names in our rural material is rarely such a regular fashion one. The name of György (Georg) or Mihály (Michael) behaves nowhere fashionlike owing to the mentioned causes, thus the dominant Christian names of every single greater region, the István (Stephen), János (John) etc. are similarly seldom fashionlike. The fashion character of our village Christian names is strongest in the XIX. century, the lines in the XVIII. century are yet more rectlinear. In the last 50 years again we can hardly to draw fashioncurves, the material is sporadic, reflecting by this that the village is not likely to mean a real community by this time. We do not get good fashion curves in the small communities even in the XIX. century most responsive to fashion: not only in consequence of the practical difficulties of statistical evaluation, but also as the little villages with their many-sided orientations react to the outer effects often almost with a histerical confusion. Our ideal field is the market-town of maximal independence, the historical changes are here always by far organized. At the presentation of our fashion graphs we are referring to Kroeber who published graphs with similar theme already in 1919. (On the principle of order in civilisation as exemplified by changes of fashion. American Anthropologist 21. 235—263. p.). We may not supress a critical remark on his pioneer work. No historical process of the separate phenomena were studied by Graph 4. VE"RONIKA 10 WOMEN FASWION-NAMES N