Wicker Erika (szerk.): Cumania 26. - A Kecskeméti Katona József Múzeum évkönyve (Kecskemét, 2013)
Néprajz - Mészáros Márta: Süteménysütési szokások változásai a 20. századi Hajóson
Mészáros Márta Márta Mészáros CHANGES OF CAKE-BAKING IN THE 20™ CENTURY IN HAJÓS (FROM THE 1930s - ACROSS THREE GENERATIONS) The crucial question the research in this ethnic German settlement attempted to answer was whether or not the new cakes displaced the traditional Schwabian pastry of special festive occasions. Among the traditional baked sweet pastry consumed by the Swabians in Hajós, new types of sugary cakes appeared in the 1930s. Their spreading and popularity can be divided into 3 periods in the 20th century. Housewives got to know the sponge cakes and linzer in the 1930- 40s when they made their first cakes for bigger family events and weddings. Baking new cakes declined during the years of famine in World War II and the German deportation. A significant change can be observed in the second half of the 20* century when new cakes began spreading again in the 1960s. The second period lasted till the 1980s when, thanks to new technical tools and ingredients, cake-baking became easier and more varied. The exchange and collection of written or typed cake recipes was popular at that time. The professional cake-maker and confectioner appeared in Hajós in the 1970's baking cakes to order for more important holidays and occasions. In the third period - from the 1980s and 1990s to the millennium - another change can be observed: the appearance of the 'lighter' creamy cakes made with cream and yoghurt, and the popularity of cakes made without baking. To meet special demands, products of professional bakers, confectioners and bakery women were ordered. The old recipes and cakes also remained as a curiosity, a sign of the survival of German consciousness and identity. All these old and new recipes, grandmothers', mothers' and grandchildren's favorites preserve in written and collected form the changes of the cake-culture in Hajós in the 20th century. 200
