Wicker Erika (szerk.): Cumania 26. - A Kecskeméti Katona József Múzeum évkönyve (Kecskemét, 2013)
Régészet–Antropológia–Numizmatika - V. Székely György: Elfedett Árpád-kori éremleletek a Duna-Tisza közén
Elfeledett Árpád-kori éremleletek a Duna-Tisza közén György V. Székely FORGOTTEN COIN HOARDS FROM THE ÁRPÁDIAN AGE FROM THE REGION BETWEEN THE DANUBE AND TISZA RIVERS This study reviews eight little-known coin finds from the region between the Danube and Tisza Rivers from the age of the Árpáds which were given little attention till now. Every find was found in the central zone of this region during various earthworks. Usually, there are rare and not exact, not professional notes on them, which make the posterior examination very difficult. Only one of them got into public collection, the material of the other finds is scattered. In four of these eight finds there were Hungarian coins, in three cases (Akasztó-Puszta- szentimre, Kiskunhalas, Örkény) bracteates and H. 69 denars, in one case (Tatárszentgyörgy) only bracteates (Chart 1). The H. 192, H. 195, H. 199 and H. 200 Bracteates of the finds frequently can be found in hoards buried during the Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1241-1242, usually several types at the same time, presuming, that they circulated in large quantity prior to the Mongol invasion. The H. 69 denar, with the name of the king, appears mostly with bracteates and Friesach-type pfennigs, so supposedly it was issued in the first half of the 13th century. Some recently excavated archaeological finds, which can be connected to the time of the Mongolian invasion confirm this hypothesis. Six of the actually examined eight finds certainly included Friesach-type pfennigs, which is an additional evidence of the determining role of these coins in the monetary circulation of Hungary in the first half of the 13th century. The Friesach-type pfennigs were minted with fine silver content in the area of the neighbouring Carinthia and Craina during the 12th and 13th centuries. In the precisely examined finding from Akasztó-Pusztaszentimre, most of the Friesach-type pfennigs were minted by the archbishops of Salzburg and the dukes of Carinthia. Based on the latest coins of the finds, these were hidden with great probability during the Mongol invasion. Four of them contained jewellery along with the coins (Chart 2). The rings, socket- and S-terminalled lockrings of the hoards were mostly made of silver, rarely of electron. These jewels are also belonged to the fortune of owners of the coins who came from the wealthy layer of rural society and they participated in the beginning commodity production and money economy. The majority of the contemporary finds were also hidden in the area of Árpádian villages or in the vicinity of the quondam settlements. Indirectly, these results contribute to recognise the one-time system of settlements and roads. The actually published finds are so far little-known evidences of the heavy cataclysm desolating the country by the demolition of the Mongol invasion in 1241-1242. 129
