Horváth Attila – Solymos Ede szerk.: Cumania 5. Ethnographia (Bács-Kiskun Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei, Kecskemét, 1978)

Bárth J.: A dunai átkelés és a révjog bérbeadásának néhány kérdése

BY JÁNOS BARTH THE USE OF THE DANUBE Fl THE FERRY RIGHT IN TH I9TH—20TH The Bis ко ferry (Biskói-rév) near the village of Dunaszentbenedek is one of the few Danube ferries in Hungary whose operation in teh modern times is documented by a comparatively rich archival material. E. g. the leasing contracts from the 176oes to the nationalization in 1949, however incompletely, have been preserved. This is why the author chose the Biskó ferry as the main subject of his dtudy completing it with the data of some other ferries of the area. This ferry was owned first by the archbishopric of Kalocsa then, after 1834, by the chapter of Kalocsa Both owners made use of the ferry in such a way that they leased the right of oparation and the colledting of passage fees together with smaller or larger arable lands to contractors. The author of the article attempted to desctibe the equipment of the Biskó ferry, its order of oparation and economic importance on the basis of the leasing contracts, the tariffs, the building and instrument invertories. The archbishopric then the chapter of Kalocsa were involved in a lawsuit with the commonage of the neighbouring Paks for half a century because the ERRIES AND THE LEASING OF E KALOCSA AREA IN THE CENTURIES latters wanted to make their own Zádor ferry, in the vicinity of the Biskó ferry, public. The archbishopric of Kalocsa always hindered it. In course of this lawsuit several witnesses were questioned from the area in order to find out wich of the ferries was better. Through the study of these mainly 18th century paesant testimonies there could be pictured the geographic-technical characters of the Danube ferries, their role in the transport and communication, and the hardships of the passage in the old times. After the analysis of the historical questions and the lawsuit aroung the ferry, the author discusses the following subjects in the chapters of the article: The leaseholders of the Biskó ferry — The way of leasing of the ferry — The change in the subject of leasing — The changes in the leasing — The prescribed activities and duties of the leaseholder — The fee of passage — Employese, workers of the ferry — Traffic in the ferry, order of the passage. In an appendix the author publishes the original texts of some leasing contracts, ferry invertories, and passage tariffs written in Hungarian from the 18th—19th centruies. 1-42