Pásztor Emília (szerk.): Sámánizmus és természethit régen és ma - Bajai dolgozatok 23. (Baja, 2019)

Jaromir Kovárnik: Az őskori ember hitvilágának tanulmányozása. A sámánizmus kutatása a régészetben

A probe into the spiritual life of prehistoric people, a reflection of shamanism in archaeology

to fertility and fruitfulness rituals, and shaman masks. There are found gynaecomorphic vessels in the Funnel Beaker culture and the Baden culture. These finds of gynaecomorphic vessels include e. g. a gynaecomorphic beaker (FIG. 25) of the Funnel Beaker culture (Kovárník 2000, 182-183, Fig. 1 : 12a, b) from Znojmo (south Moravia, Czech Republic). Gynaecomorphic amphora (FIG. 26) of the Baden culture from the hillfort Hlinsko, Prerov district, has characteristic cross-shaped „X" strips between the breasts (Pavelcik 1993, Fig. 109 : 3).

Zoomorphic statuettes are found mainly in the late stage of Baden culture. At that time, there are fewer cattle funerals. This may be related to changes in economy and cult (Zastawny -Horváthová 2016, 256).

The existence of shamans is also documented in the Eneolithic by the ongoing findings of clay masks such as Balatonőszöd- Temetőidülő in Hungary (Bánffy et al., 2003, 135, Fig. 26).

With rituals of shamans or priests (?) it may be related to the fact that in the Eneolithic we also record the findings of the depot vessels. They were stored in the pits for storage of grain (silos), which is a very symbolic act. These ceramic depots be composed of drinking vessels (beakers, jugs and cups). There are large pots such as pitchers, pots, or amphora, jugs (for pouring drinks), pseudokernos and cups. We call the important ceramic depot from the village Bozice - Ceská

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Fig. 28. Dfevcice, Praha-vÿchod district, central Bohemia. Depot of vessels, the Baden culture. © Národní Muzeum Praha

28. kép Dfevcice, Közép Csehország. Edénydepó. Báden kultúra