Pásztor Emília (szerk.): Sámánizmus és természethit régen és ma - Bajai dolgozatok 23. (Baja, 2019)

Jaromir Kovárnik: Az őskori ember hitvilágának tanulmányozása. A sámánizmus kutatása a régészetben

A probe into the spiritual life of prehistoric people, a reflection of shamanism in archaeology

There is a possibility of a gathering place for the inhabitants of the „center" settlement and settlements in neighbourhood. A large building with the posts was also found inside a rondel of Bucany in the northwest part (Bujna-Romsauer 1986). In the southeastern part of rondel, the ground plane of a „house" with a longer axis in the direction of NE-SW was also captured. The internal area of rondels was almost free in all cases. It would suggest the idea of using them as a reserved area for the gathering of settlers. These buildings with posts would correspond to considerations of both the organizational and the cult character of the rondels (buildings as prototypes of palaces or temples).

Of particular importance was the grave of a young couple at the center of the rondel in Friebritz 1 (Neugebauer 1986,185-187), or feature No. 17 from Bulhary which contained the skeleton of the dog and part of a small female sculpture of Strelice type (Mérínsky-Stuchlík 1980).

The aforementioned facts tend to indicate the use of their area, including houses, for collective religious (with woman shamans / shamans or priestesses / priests), organizational and economic actions by farmers of the late Neolithic. The premises inside and especially the large gathering house could have a sacred character. The communal house in the rondel could be transformed - „institutionalized" in a later real temple or palace. It is well known that within the individual layers of the Neolithic tell site of key importance in Çatal Hüyük, inside residential buildings (Mellaart 1967) were separated the rooms of the cult of fruitfulness and fertility. Very valuable findings are expected, among other things, in housing estates from the time period, especially in the Balkans and Ukraine (Nebelivka etc.). Most notable is the proof of a probably iconic building - a sanctuary on the Romanian site of Cascioarele in the Lower Danube.

In the lower layer, belonging to the late Boian culture, two wooden columns (length 190 cm and thickness

Fig. 22. Jaromérice nad Rokytnou-Kerchúvky, Trebic district, southwest Moravia. Sculpture with a billy goat's body, but with a human face has a cavity in the back (author's archive).

22. kép Jaromérice nad Rokytnou-Kerchúvky, DNy Morvaország. Emberarcú, kecsketestü edényke.

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