Pásztor Emília (szerk.): Sámánizmus és természethit régen és ma - Bajai dolgozatok 23. (Baja, 2019)
Andrzej Rozwadowski: Varázslyukak: Átjárók a szellemek világába a szibériai sámánizmusban
Sacred holes: Portals to the world of spirits in Siberian shamanism Fig. 16. Portal to the world of spirits could be also located inside the drum as in this case of this Evenki drum equipped with a metal loon-shaped handle with a small hole set in the centre (after Anisimov 1958: fig. 12). 16. kép.. A szellemek világába vezető portal megtalálható a dobon belül is, mint ezen az evenk dobon, amely egy fém búvármadár alakú fogantyúval van ellátva, a közepén egy kis lyukkal. the underworld by a horizontal belt consisting of two parallel lines, filled inside with a zigzag line forming a series of triangles (Figs 9, 10), which according to same sources represented mountains (Gorbacheva and Solov'eva 2006, 136). The belief that the mountains are boundary between different worlds has then been graphically expressed. Important from the perspective of belief about crossing the words through a magical hole is the common motif of a cross or circle painted in the centre of the drum (Figs 11-14), 'the navel of the world' - a graphic expression of the opening through which the shaman travelled between worlds (Gorbacheva and Solov'eva 2006, 127) (interestingly this idea can also be found in the art of modern Siberian artists - see fig. 1). One Ket drum is known to have had an opening to the underworld (i.e., a break in the strip surrounding the drum) at the bottom of the instrument (Fig. 15) (Anuchin 1914, 50; Kets live in the Yenisei basin). This motif can also be located inside the drum, e.g., on the handle, as in the case of an Evenki drum equipped with a metal loon-shaped handle with a small hole set in the centre (Fig. 16) - a passage to the otherworld (Gorbacheva and Solov'eva 2006, 206). Sometimes the handle of the drum was
