Somogyvári Ágnes et al. (szerk.): Településtörténeti kutatások - Archaelogia Cumanica 3. (Kecskemét, 2014)
A tanulmányok szerzői
TUGYA BEÁTA: KÉSŐ ÁRPÁD-KORI ÁLLATCSONTLELETEK KISKUNFÉLEGYHÁZA, AMLER BÁNYA LELŐHELYRŐL Beáta Tugya The late Arpádian Age animal bone sample from Kiskunfélegyháza. Amler-bánya A total of 617 animal bones were recovered from the 12th—13th century features of the site, of which 576 pieces could be identified. Over 90% of the sample comes from domestic species. The frequency order of the species is as follows: cattle, horse, sheep/goat, pig, dog, goose, fish, hen, hare. The sample is dominated by cattle and horse; these two large-bodied species account for 76.6% of the identifiable animal remains. Among the species also kept for their meat, small ruminants and pig remains account for 10% and 5%, respectively. Poultry is represented by goose and hen; their remains indicate that poultry occasionally figured in the diet. The domestic species include dog too. The singe hare bone reflects occasional hunting, while the two fish vertebrae the practice of fishing. The archaeozoological analyses confirmed the archaeological assumption that stockbreeding played a very important role in the life of the settlement excavated at this site. The prominent ratio of cattle and horse remains (42.4% and 34.2%, respectively) indicates the dominance of these two large-bodied species as late as the turn of the 12th-13th centuries. The consumption of horse meat in the 12th-13th centuries is indicated by the chop marks noted on a horse bone. The number of small ruminant and pig remains is considerably smaller, while the number of poultry remains is negligible. The average of the minimum and maximum number of individuals indicates that there were 1.2 small ruminants, 1.6 horses and 1.9 cattle to one pig among the domestic species kept also for their meat, i.e. there were at least one and half times as many horses and almost twice as many cattle than pigs at the settlement. These figures and the archaeological features interpreted as animal pens indicate that the site’s occupants were principally engaged in stockbreeding. 393
