Levéltári Közlemények, 93. (2022)

Angol nyelvű összefoglalók

Abstracts

Zoltán Völgyesi

SOCIAL POLICY AND WAR CARE IN THE FIRST WORLD WAR State measures, private actions and the “model institutions” of Fót

The first part of the paper describes the social challenges posed by the new type of war and the main tasks covered by the concept of war care. Including the regulation of war relief and its shortcomings, the development of the organization of war care, referring to the delays in state solutions and institutionalization, and the role of private initiatives. It also discusses the concept of war care, noting that the historical literature on the subject tends to use the term in a narrow sense, focusing on the main target groups (care for the disabled, war widows and war widowers, and families of war veterans). It points out that the term was used in a much broader sense in the literature of the time, essentially including all those who suffered major damage as a result of the war and were therefore entitled to public assistance or other support. Its scope of duties also included other forms of assistance such as legal advice, advocacy and information. The final chapter describes a private initiative based on a local social policy practice, also inspired by the social challenge of the Great War, which is an example of a local social policy practice, and which is attributed to Countess Franciska Apponyi Tászlóné Károlyi. The Countess, who lived in the Fót castle, gave up her former comfortable life to support the locals in need of help because of the difficulties of the war through the Counselling Office she set up and the Relief and Welfare Committee she chaired. Her multifaceted activities covered many areas of social welfare and war care, and were based on well thought-out ideas. Her achievements were recognised in her time, and the institutions she created were rightly described as model social institutions.

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