Külpolitika - A Magyar Külügyi Intézet elméleti-politikai folyóirata - 1987 (14. évfolyam)
1987 / 1. szám - A tanulmányok orosz és angol nyelvű tartalmi kivonata
the Italian political system, a problem extensively discussed by Italian and international literature, is the revision of the principle of “conventio ad escluden- dum”, which, raising “dangers” for the presence of Communists in the government has been initiated by certain social and political forces allied against the Communists. Judit Nahóczky: Trends and changes in the foreign policy of the Spanish Socialist Party Government The absolute winner of the 1982 parliament elections, the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party established the first Socialist Party government in the post- Franco era. In its foreign policy the cabinet led by Felipe Gonzales asserted the “Atlantist line” of the former government, and, as a new element, the “European” tendency at the same time. In shaping its foreign political activity the government had to take into account a triple heritage: 1) Spain had become a member of the NATO’s political organisation; 2) Spanish—American relations had been in the focus of the Spanish diplomacy for decades; 3) realisation of EEC-membership desired and supported by the majority of Spanish public opinion. In the course of the negotiations with EEC-partners it was clarified that Spain’s joining the Common Market is closely connected with maintaining her NATO- membership. The PSOE government’s program of 1982 had two basic elements of the same weight: joining the EEC and solving the dilemma of staying in or leaving the NATO. Next came the improvement of Spanish—American relations, settling the problems with the Arab states; Latin- America and the neighbouring countries were given a special attention. The NATO pressed hard the government from the very first minute it took office, and in 1984 Gonzáles consequently inaugurated a new policy diametrically opposed the former governments’ programmes, concerning the NATO’s political organisation: he laid the stress on remaining in the NATO, without Spain’s participation in its military organisation. The process of integration into the EEC was for years hindered by the tense Spanish—French relations. However, these relations have been improving since Mitterand was elected president and France played a significant role in accepting Spain’s and Portugal’s entry into the EEC on January 1st 1986. The Socialist Party cabinet has tried to improve its relations with the Arab states, while maintaining its good relationship with Morocco, even at he price of abandoning its former stand concerning the Polisario Front. One of the main efforts of the Gonzales government was to strengthen Spain’s influence in the Latin-American states, but that goal proved unattainable owing to the economic difficulties of the country. Relations with the socialist countries are not in the focus of the Spanish diplomacy. China is the only exception; relations with it have been developing dynamically in the past four years. It can be expected that Western Europe will remain the main theatre of Spanish foreign political activity. Gábor Géczi: On the activity of the former heads’ of government council (InterAction Council) The Council was formed at the initiatives of the former head of Japan’s government Fukuda Takeo and the former director of the UN Development Programme (UNDP) Bradford Morse in the autumn of 1983. The Council was established for the purpose of elaborating practical proposals to help solve some problems of universal peace, the world economy and development by a group of 25 to 30 distinguished statesmen with rich experiences and far-flung connections home and abroad, from the developed, socialist and developing countries. The following names demonstrate how eminent and broadly respected politicans constitute the InterAction Council: James Callaghan, Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Pierre Trudeau, Adolfo Suarez, Jenő Fock, Kurt Waldheim (president of the IAC until the end of 1985) and Helmut XII
