Hungarian Studies Newsletter, 1982 (10. évfolyam, 31-34. szám)
1982 / 31-32. szám
perspective. Suchoff, who is a trustee of the Bartók estate and its New York archive, expanded the original 190 pagelong volume into twice its length. It contains a history of Hungarian ethnomusicology; a discussion of the Bartók- Kodály relationship; an overview of the Bartókian and other Hungarian approaches to the systematic classification of Hungarian musical folklore; a review of related literature; new data on Bartók’s biography; old and new styles of Hungarian folk music; other tunes in Hungarian peasant music; statistical data, song texts and their translation; musical examples; and an appendix. The editor is prof, at the Center for Contemporary Art and Letters, SUNY, Stony Brook, and is ed. of the New York Bartók Archive Studies in Musicology. □ DISSERTATIONS* Evascu, Thomas Lynn (Ohio St. U., 1980) Segagea: Economic and Social Change in a Transylvanian Mountain Village of Romania. 280 pages. Microfilm and xerox no. 80-22, 270. The data presented in this dissertation were obtained while the author resided in Romania from September 1975 to August 1977. The objectives of the research were twofold: First, to reconstruct the economic, social, and cultural changes which have taken place in a noncollectivized village communitysince 1948. Second, to determine if these changes were unique or followed a general pattern of socioeconomic transformation under state-level programs of socialist modernization. To accomplish the latter objective, the author compared the results with those from otherstudies conducted in Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. The village which was selected for the research was Segageá in Transylvania. The thesis begins with a review of the anthropological literature on Southeastern Europe since the 1950s. The salient research topics which have evolved from these published reports are: (1) the process of internal migration; (2) the analysis of traditional and modified kinship networks; and (3) the positon of peasant-workers as both a response and a further stimulus to culture change at the local level. A presentation of the geographic setting and early history of Transylvania is followed by an ethnographic description of Segagea from 1848 to 1948 when the dominant world view of the villagers over thirty years of age evolved. The concluding chapter reviews the changes that have taken place since the beginning of the socialist revolution and places them in a comparative perspective by looking at the results from other studies conducted mainly in Romania and Yugoslavia. Hanks, Ronald Wayne (Rice U., 1977)The End of an Institution: The Austro-Hungarian Army in Italy, 1918. 418 pages. Microfilm and xerox order no. 77-19, 256. In 1914 the Austro-Hungarian Army was small, professional, and a mainstay of the Habsburg dynasty; its organization and structure, however proved unsuited for modern war, and its first-line strength was destroyed during the first months of 1914. The army was rebuilt, but what emerged was not a professional fighting force but an armed militia whose members could be expected to demonstrate al I the weaknesses of the multi-national Habsburg state. Despite expectations 'Abstracts are usually based on those published in Dissertation Abstracts International. Microfilm and xerox copies of the original full dissertation may be obtained, when indicated, from Xerox University Microfilm 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106. When ordering, use the number shown. NO. 31-32, SPRING-SUMMER. 1982 HUNGARIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER to the contrary, the army held firm through the next four years of war until October 1918 when it found itself defending an empire which no longer existed. Called home by the governments of the emerging states, nationality contingents revolted and left the front. Research for this study, done at the Viennese War Archives, has shown that the Austro- Hungarian Army was not the ramshackle and incompetent fighting force that has frequently been portrayed, and that evidence exists that the chief of staff and operations chief were engaged in a plot during 1918 to subvert the position of a senior officer and army group commander, Field Marshal Conrad von Hötzerndorf. Whatever the motives of these two men, their scheme was ultimately responsible for the monarchy’s defeat in the June battles at Vittorio Veneto. Veres, Péter. (Ethnographic Inst., of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 1979.) A magyar őstörténet a ne'prajztudoma'ny szemszögebó'l: “A magyar nép ethnogenezise és etnikai története 896-ig. [Hungarian Prehistory from an Ethnographic Perspective: “Ethnogenesis and Ethnic History until 896.”] Ethnographia 42(1981):1, pp.120-141. The author defended his dissertation for Candidacy in 1979. This article contains an abbreviated version of the text, critical comments of six Soviet scholars, and an English abstract putting the study within reach of the English speaking reader. Aimed at reconstructing the ethnogenesis of the Magyar people and their history before their migration to and settlement in the Carpathian Basin, the author approaches his subject in a historical materialistic frame of reference. He offers the following insights into Hungarian prehistory: (1) The dissolution of the Uralic linguistic community was due to the development of new production forces and specializaton in the division of labor; (2) The orginal homeof the Ugric people must be sought in Western Siberia, rather than at the Volga-Kama rivers; (3) The principal cause for the dissolution of the Ugric community can be found in economics, i.e., theturn to nomadic livestock raising; (4) The word Magyar is of Finno-Ugric origin; (5) Hungarians were predominantly nomads before their settlement in the Carpathian Basin; and (6) A reason forthe Hungarian migration, in addition to pressure from the East, was the break-up of the sedentary lifestyle among the peoples of the South Russian steppes. ARTICLES & PAPERS Acta Studia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae; Index 1979. Budapest: Akadémiai kiadó', n.d. 93 pages. The HAS publishes a group of 30 multilingual scientific journals under the title of ACTA plus the name of the scientific discipline, e.g., Acta Orientalia, Acta Zoologica, etc. Each issue contains articles in English, French, German, and Russian, thus enabling the English reader to have access to at least part of the substantive articles written by authorities of the respective field. The Acta and another series of two periodicals under the title of STUDIA, e.g., Studia Slavica, have usually four issues in an annual volume. A collection of tables of contents (not an index) of the 1979 issues is available through Kultura upon request. Subscription to any one volume is $40.00 per year, except to the volumes of archaeology and art history, which cost $48.00 per annum. □ Boba, Imre. “The Role of the Onogouroi/Onogoundouroi in the Formation of the Bulgarian and Hungarian Polities.” (Continued on Page 8) 7
