Hidrológiai Közlöny 1987 (67. évfolyam)

5-6. szám - Andrik Péter: A Giardia lamblia terjedése ivóvíz útján. Irodalmi áttekintés. I. A vízeredetű giardiázis

322 HIDROLÓGIAI KÖZLÖNY 1987. 67. ÉVFOLYAM, 5—6. SZATJ Meyer, E. A., Jaroll, E. L., 1980. Giardiasis. Amer. J. Epidemiol., Ill: 1—12. Moore, G. T., Gross, W. M., McGuire, D., Mollahan, G. S., Gleason, N. N., Healy, G. R., Newton, L. Tl., 1969. Epidemice giardiasis at a ski resort. N. Engl. J. Med. 281: 402—407. Neringer, R., Andersson, T., Eitrem, R., 1987. A waterborne outbreak of giardiasis in Sweden. Scand. J. Infect. Bis., 19: 85—90. Pipes, W. 0., 1982. Bacterial indicators of pollution. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fl. Rendtorff, R. G., 1954. The experimental transmission of human intestinal protozoan parasites II. Giardia lamblia cvsts given in capsules. Amer. J. Hyg., 59 : 209—220. Rendtorff, R. C., Holt, D. J., 1954. The experimental transmission of human intestinal protozoan parasites IV. Attemps to transmit Endamoeba coli and Giardia lamblia cysts by water. Amer. J. Hyg., 60: 327. Rendtorff, R. C., 1975. Giardia in water. Ann. Intern. Med. 82: 280. Rice, E. IV., Hoff, J. C., 1981. Inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts by ultraviolet irradiation. Appl. Envir. Microbiol., 42: 546—547. Rubin, A. J., Engel, J. P., Sproul, 0. J., 1983. Disinfection of amoebic cysts in water with free chlorine. Jour. Water Poll. Contr. Fed., 55: 1174—1182. Ryan, W. I., Grainge, J. W

., 1981. Sanitary engineering in Russia. Jour. Amer. Water Works Assoc., 67: 285—288. Schaefer, F. W

., Rice, E. W

., 1981. Giardia methodology for water supply analysis. Proc. AWWA Water Quality Conf., Dec. 6—9., 1981., Seattle, Wash. pp. 143— —147. Shaw, P. K., Brodsky, R. F., Lyman, D. O., Wood, B. T., Ilibler, C. P., Healy, G. R., MacLeod, K. I. E„ Stahl, W., Schultz, M. G

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., 1977. Giardiasis in Minnesota, 1971—1975. Minn. Med., 60: 815—820. Wickramanayake, G. B., Rubin, A. J., Sproul. O. J., 1984. Inactivation of Neagleria and Giardia cvsts in water by ozonation. Jour. Water Poll. Contr. Fed., 56: 983—988. Wickramanayake, G. B., Rubin, A. J., Sproul, O. J., 1985. Effects of ozone and storage temperature on Giardia cysts. Jour. Amer. Water Works Assoc., 57 74—77.: Wolfe, M. S., 1975. Giardiasis. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 233: 1362—1365. Wolfe, M. S., 1978. Giardiasis. N. Engl. J. Med., 298: 319—321. Wolfe, M. S., 1979. Giardiasis. Pediatr. Clin. North Am., 26: 295—303. Wright, R. A., 1975. Giardial infection from water. Ann. Intern. Med., 82: 589—590. Wright, R. A., Vernon, T. M., 1976. Epidemic giardiasis at a resort lodge. Rocky Mtn. Med. J., 208—21 1. Wright, R. A., Spencer, H. C., Brodsky, R. F., Vernon, T. M., 1977. Giardiasis in Colorado

: an epidemiologic study. Amer. J. Epidemiol., 105: 330—336. Kézirat beérkezett: 1987. május 16. Közlésre elfogadva: 1987. augusztus 26. The propagation of Giardia lamblia via drinking water Literature review: Part 1. Water-borne giardiasis. P. Andrik Abstract: A literature review is presented in the paper by the author on the propagation of Giardia lamblia

—a unicellularpathogene

—by water. The pathogene (Fig. I) is a well-knowon agent of some parasitic intestine-deseases. The consequent acute or chronic cases may grown to epidemic dimensions accompanied by mild or severe symptoms. Its appearance became more and more frequent during the past 15—20 years in some of the Western countries (especially in the United States). This may be explained by a rather intensive transmissive role of the water. A part of the life-cycle of Giardia lamblia is namely also a part of its environment where its living conditions are secured by the resistant cystic state. A great number of cysts may actually reach our surface waters and drinking water borne by human or animal excrement. A number of Giardia developed epidemics are discussed in the paper especially from the United States and Canada where its recurrence seems to be accelerating. In most cases, infection could be asserted through surface or drinking water. As a main source of such infections one can point to the life-activities of wild animals roaming over the problem area. The danger of occurrence of the pathogene may be localized in a well delineated area around exploted sources of drinking water: the use of surface waters without and/or inadequate treatment, and colder climatic conditions than average. A special problem is that the cysts of Giardia lamblia may be present in surface waters that are qualified as „clean" by our usual chemical and bacteriological methods. Another problem is that the traditional ways for disinfection do not hinder the propagation of the pathogene. The cold climate of mountaineous areas is favourable for the Giardia cysts to exist while the chlorine-effect will parallelly decrease. The methods of assessment of the pathogene in water, and the protective measures to be taken in the treatment processes will be discussed later, in the next part of the paper. Keywords: Giardia lamblia, water-borne epidemics, surface water treatment A szerző szakmai munkásságának összefoglalóját a Hidrológiai Közlöny 1987/2—-3. számának 125. oldalán közöltük.