Hidrológiai Közlöny 1977 (57. évfolyam)

1. szám - Dr. Benedek Pál–Pintér György: A Project keretében végzett kutatások főbb célkitűzései. Az eredmények gyakorlati hasznosításának távlatai

24 Hidrológiai Közlöny 1977. 1. sz. Dr. Benedek Pál—Pintér György: A Project keretében végzett kutatások In addition to the conventional parameters, the water samples were analysed also for the major micro polluting substances. The results of the study were processed and evaluated on a computer and therefrom the optimal number and location of the sampling points was determined in the individual cross-sections for the particular conditions prevailing. The advanced instruments of water analysis purchased under the Project (Beckmann TOC carbon analyser, Hewlett

—Packard gas-chromatograph, Perkin-Elmer atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Pye-Unicam UV spectrophotometer, Farrand layer Chromatograph, etc.) have constituted a substantial progress in the wider application and regular performance of the special analytical studies. Results of considerable interest have been attained mainly in studies on organic- and inorganic micro pollutants, as well as on bottom sediments. For processing and storing the data relevant to the sources of pollution (communities and industrial plants) situated in the pilot zone a computerized filling system has been developed. The files are checked and completed annually and contain in addition to the method of waste water- and sludge treatment and disposal, also the results of treatment, as well as annual average values on the pollution load reaching the recipient, related to the individual typical components. 3. Potential applications of the results on the national level The results and experiences achieved under the Project activities can be used to advantage in performing the supervisory and licensing functions related to water quality management of the district water agencies. The advances in research achieved under the programme (model studies, alternative treatment technologies, water quality monitoring stations, advanced analytical methods and equipment, systems of data collection and processing etc.) present new methods and means for the professionals at the district agencies to assist them in their efforts at alleviating the envir onmental hazards. No effective application thereof is, however, possible unless the district water authorities are properly trained and assisted scientifically in their work. The application of the water quality-economic model in other catchments (streams) of the country is strongly recommended, with special regard to the anticipated growth of pollution loads in the coming decades. The first step towards the introduction into general practice of the regional water quality management activity extending to catchment units consisted of implementing the optimized plan of actions developed under the programme for the Sajó Region, the pilot zone No. 1 of the Project. This activity is practically the origin of a process, which may raise eventually the demand for the establishment of regional water quality management agencies extending to the catchment unit. Within this broad scope the water quality model can be used alone, for forecasting purposes, in preparing decision documents and other specific studies for other water courses. It should be noted in this context that the examples published in the literature on water quality management are mainly theoretical, or semi-operational in character. It appears safe to state that no information base (boundary conditions, target function) elaborated in details similar to those of the Project has thus far been detected in the professional literature. Thus the experiences gained here can be udse to advantage in catchments both in Hungary and abroad. Another important result of the Project, which is already in the stage of realization, involves the water quality monitoring stations constructed, or under construction from funds of the water service. Drawing on experiences gained with the SVR system established under the Project, the North-Hungary District Water Authority (ÉVIZIG) has constructed additional automatic water quality monitoring stations in the boundary crosssections of the Bodrog and Hernád rivers, connected to the SVR system and preparations are under way for a similar station in a cross-section close to the national boundary on the Bódva Creek. Consequently, in the Sajó—Hernád region an integrated monitoring system will yield continuous information on the quality of waters entering the country. In the more distant future the further development of even the SVR system is contemplated by the district water authority. The national reorganization of the collection of water quality data will be found necessary in the near future, involving specifically: — the establishment of a target oriented data acquisition system based on the main principles of the Project, — the acquisition- and processing system of representative water quality data, — beyond the sampling programme in the regular network, the execution of profile studies at least once annually on the major streams of the country, as far as possible at times of low stages in which water quality may become critical. The taking of samples with proper frequency upstream and downstream of all sources of pollution and tributaries, as well as from these, together with simultaneous streamflow —and discharge rate measurements, — checking the sampling points of the regular network to determine the extent of mixing which has taken place in the particular crosssection. For this purpose the regular network sampling procedure must be replaced on a single occasion annually by a more detailed cross-section study. The results may indicate occasionally the need of relocating the sampling point, or of performing cross-section studies regularly. An important result of the research work conducted under the Project was the realization of the fact that the bioresistant substances detrimental to health and aquatic life, and particularly the toxic