Hidrológiai Közlöny 1961 (41. évfolyam)

1. szám - Egyesületi és műszaki hírek

Laczkó A.—Starosolszky ö.: A palástos vízadagoló Hidrológiai Közlöny 1961. 1. sz. 23 B nepBofl oiepeAH wejiaeM HccjieAOBaTb őonoeoe deücmeue npn ÖOKOBOM BOAOCJIHBE, BCJIEACTBHE Ko-roporo MO>«eT őbiTb, MTO Hii>KHee OTBepcTHe nponycKaeT MeHbuie pacxoaa BOÁM, MCM nepBoe. Ha OcHOBaHHH nojiyneHHbix pe3yjibTaT0B MOJKHO AEJIATB CJIEAVIOMITE BHBOAM : 1. B KPHBOÜ pacxOAa BOAW oSopyAOBaHHH yAajiocb pacKpbiTb nepexodHOü yiacmoK. 2. B BepxHe.M ői.e(J)e nepeA K0)Kyx0M HMeeTCH cuAbHbiü crtad, KOTOPBIÜ 0KA3BIBAET BJIHÍIHHC II HA nponycKHyio cn0C06H0CTb. 3. YAejibHbin pacxoA OTAejibHbix OTBepcTHií He OAHHaKOBa, Aawe H B cjiyMae pacnojiowccHHíi B HanpaBjieHHH TeMeHHH. Mantle-Type Water Distributors and Their Field Invesligation By A. Laczkó and 0. Starosolszky Although the Neyrpic mantle-type water distributors found Widespread application in foreign practice, in Francé, Portugál and North-Africa in particular, an investigation of these structures appeared necessary when their application at home was first considered because of the lack of relevant domestic experience. In generál, the aim of these investigations was 1. to determine the hydraulic characteristics of mantle-type water distributors, and to gain information on ílata left unmentioned in the foreign literature, namely aj on the beginning of submergence effect from the tailwater, b) on the extent of mutual influence between individual openings, and whether this influence is negligible, and c) on the flow patterns around the structure and on their effect on discharge. 2. to provide by experimentál results a basis for proposals concerning the application of Neyrpic mantle-type water dispensers (by importing such structures, or by purchasing the licence), or the introduction of a different equipment. Details of the experimentál structure are shown in Fig. 4. The attempt was to design a water distributor having a specific discharging capacity of, or close to 50 l/sec/dm, which consists of a 10 cm, a 15 cm, a 20 cm and four 30 cm wide openings. The installation of the experimentál structure is illustrated by llls. 2 and 3. Different discharge conditions were as far as possible created, and measurements were made for an as great as possible number of different sets of gate opening. The investigation of discharge througli various openings operating separately was found to be of interest. Differences can be explained by flow conditions. Appreciable differences in specific discharge are even more conspieuous, if the totál discharge through various groups of openings are investigated. Several methods have been put to use for evaluating measurement data. 1. Discharge coefficients were computed by the conventional formuláé. Rating curves computed by the aid of the discharge ceofficients — and thus generáli zed — appear in Fig. 5. 2. For comparing the discharging capacity of openings having differing widths, respectively of models to different scales, the so-called dimensionless method of representation has been adopted. The corresponding relationship assumes the form : Vzgb"* \

b

) where k and n are empirical constants. Values of the coefficients K and n obtained by laboratory experiments are compiled in Table 3 together with the coefficients computed from prototypes. Dimensionless rating curves computed from prototypes. Dimensionless rating curves computed from model tests are shown in Fig. 5. Results of measurements carried out for the identical case in the field and at the laboratory are illustrated in Fig. 7. The discharge through any mantle-type water distributors, which is geometrica llysimilar to the one investigated can be computed from data compiled in Tablc 2. The width-height ratio of the opening should be identical to that in the model. Two equations are characteristic for all types, the first of which applies to conditions of free overfall, while the second to discharge from an orifice, provided the headwater level above the sill is only taken into consideration alsó in the latter case. Unfavourable flow conditions ensue with openings arranged assymetrically. Field investigations of mantle-type water distributors are not yet concluded. The primary aim is to investigate the side-weir effect ensuing with latoral arrangements, as a result of which the specific discharge of openings lying further downstream is lower than that of the first one. Nevertheless somé conclusions can be derived alsó from the results obtained so far, and these are as follows : 1. A transition part could be detected on the rating curve of these structures. 2. Significant dratvdown ensues before the mantle on the headwater side, which affects the discharge as well. 3. The specific discharge through the individual openings in not uniform, even if they are installed in the direction of flow. Egyesületi és műszaki hírek Rovatvezető: VÁGÁS ISTVÁN A Tiszántúli Vízügyi Igazgatóság (Debrecen) 1960-ban 23 ezer kh. területen öntözött, szemben az 1959 évi 13 ezer kh-val. Az 1960-ban újonnan berendezett öntözőterületek főként a tiszalöki rendszerben, azon belül pedig elsősorban a Hortobágy közelében találhatók. O. I. A Tiszántúli Vízügyi Igazgatóság 1 960-ban is folytatta a Hortobágy—Berettyó-főcsatorna karbantartását mederkotrások és hídbiztosítások útján. Mindezek célja a belvizek jobb elvezetése, illetőleg az öntözővíznek akadálymentes továbbítása. O. I. A Tiszántúli Vízügyi Igazgatóság 7000 kh legelőterületet rendez be öntözés céljára. A munkálatokat kis beruházási költséggel, apró gépek alkalmazásával, ideiglenes csatornanyitóeke használatával, tehát egyszerű eszközökkel végzik el. O. I. A Tiszántúli Vízügyi Igazgatóság kísérleti szennyvízöntöző telepéről 1960-ban takarították be az első termést. Az első évben kukoricát, répát, illetőleg takarmánynövényeket termeltek. Az öntözőtelepen szerzett kísérleti tapasztalatok útján kívánják eldönteni, hogy mely növénykultúrák veszik fel a legtöbb adagolt vizet a legkedvezőbb terméseredmények mellett. O. I. A Tiszántúli Vízügyi Igazgatóság az öntöző és belvízcsatornák mellé védőerdősávokat telepít. Ez évben 250 ezer facsemetét ültettek el, összesen 410 há csatornákkal szomszédos területen. O. I. (Folytatás a 30. oldalon)