1988. április (71-108. szám) / HU_BFL_XIV_47_2
j «HWM6AIMAK 9G,7Q&m?2 I f í fi FESS W (SÜSS rYÍF/!> JjLL1Ij'(^I^£^/5Xcí?CI0GÍ1 ©SlillJlilL Editor: György Krassó * 24/D Little Russell Street * London, WC1A 2HN * Tel. 01-430 2126 (írom abroad 441-430 2126) 106/1988 (E) 29th April, 1988 Rakpart Club Debate On Vienna Agreements On Tuesday evening - April 28th - the Rakpart Club organised a debate and lecture in the Jurta Theatre. The subject was the so-called First and Second Vienna Agreements according to which the Southern part of Upper Northern Hungary was reannexed to Hungary in 1938 and Northern Transylvania in 194-0. There was a report about club events before the lecture, Mihály Horváth, secretary of the Rakpart Club, said that despite the three evening contract made with the Chemistry College in Stoczek Street the two programmes which were to take piacé there following the ecology debate on March 26th were nőt permitted by the Rector of the Technical College. Thus Miklós Szabó’s lecture on intellectual movements in the 30s had to be held in the function room of a restaurant on April lOth. The meeting on April 23rd could nőt be held anywhere so fór the second time György Szoboszlai, a colleague in the Hungárián Socialist Workers Party’s Social Science Institute, was unable to give his lecture about the 1985 elections. In 1986 it had been prevented in the same way - by withdrawing préraises. Gyula Juhász, a histórián, delivered a lecture on the Vienna Agreements, he is the director of the Hungarology Research Group. The historical sources of the éra and the two treaties have already been disclosed and a large number of the documents have been published in Hungárián. The lecturer gave a detailed account of the little known political and diplomatic background of the Vienna Agreements and gave correct data about the territories reannexation. According to the First Agreement which followed the Munich Agreement 11 thousand 927 square kilometres belonged once again to Hungary including 869 thousand 299 inhabitants 86.5% of which were Hungárián and 9.8% Slovak. The new borders adhered to ethnic and language limits. The treaty was made by Czechoslovakia under pressure bút both the Soviet Union and Great Britain acknowledged and approved it. The Second Vienna Agreement gave 43 thousand 591 square kilometres and 2 millión 185 thousand inhabitants back to Hungary. The population was 51.4% Hungárián and 42.1% Románián. In spite of contemporary historians’ statements Románia asked fór arbitration although it only wanted an exchange of populations: many Hungarians would have been resettled and only a bit of territory retumed. Due to the mosaic like position of the Transylvanian Hungarians a fair arrangement was nőt possible and about the same amount of Hungarians stayed in Románia as Romanians who were transferred to Hungary. England disapproved of this frontier readjustment, the Soviet Union however agreed with it and after the outbreak of the German- Soviet war it said it would guarantee Hungary’s borders if it did nőt come intő the war. After the Hungárián declaration of war the Soviet Union’s attitűdé changed and in the Christmas "of 1941 Stalin - who wanted to establish good relations with Románia after the war - said to Edén that the Second Vienna Agreement must be altered to the advantage of Románia. The problem was finally decided when the Romanians came out of the war - in August 1944 - > the Soviet Union only relin- quished military control of Northern Transylvania to Románia during the Gréza govemment. At the 1947 P^ce. Conference Czechoslovakia, when compared to the pe*+ u/0h4u/ow-r TnouicH Agreement, was increased by three villages to the detriment of Hungary. Subscribers can use or quote the Hungárián October newsletters in totál or in detail as long as the source is acknowledged.
