Archívum - A Heves Megyei Levéltár közleményei 13. (Eger, 1994)
TANULMÁNYOK - B. Huszár Eva: Magyarország úthálózatának történeti áttekintése és Heves megye útviszonyai a XVIII. század végén • 5
blátter der ersten militárischen Aufnahme ermöglicht. Die Studie wird durch die Karte, die das StraBennetz im Komitat Heves vom Ende des XVIII. Jhs. darstellt, erganzt. Auf dieser Karte unterscheiden wir LandstraBen, gewöhnliche FahrstraBen, Féld- und Waldwege. Éva B.Huszár The history of the network of roads in Hungary and the system of roads in Heves county at the end of the 18 th Century This study deals with the network of roads of Heves county at the end of the 18 th Century, based on military documents (from József the II.) and on descriptions of the country I wrote about the present territory of Heves county. First of all the history of the road system in Hungary was dealt with from the begginings until the 18 th Century and somé international outlook. It can be laid down as a fact that the system of roads has been changing continuously, but in the most important respects it's very similar in the whole of Hungary and in the Heves county as well. The changes are usually caused by several political and economical events. The most important roads in Hungary were fixed by the 13 th Centruy. The roads finished by this time are the most important connection between the eastern and western part of Hungary. Highways were called via magna, strata publica somé of them were international road anyway they were the only connection between somé remote parts of the country. The international highway threading trough Heves county - the old Pest-Hatvan-Gyöngyös-Kápolna-Eger-Ostoros-MezőkövesdKassa highway was alsó built in the Century. This highway was a post-road as well containing 4 post offices (Hatvan, Gyöngyös, Kápolna, Eger). There was another post road going to Nagyszeben via Jászárokszállás. The east-west highway were at right angles to the roads using the valley of Zagyva, Tárna and the Eger brook. In the south part of Hungary the roads mainly lead to the ferry in Poroszló and to other parts of the Hungarican plain. In the 17 th Century there were a lots of undeveloped roads in Heves county. The ordinary road ways were the connection between the main roads, and the country lanes, and forest paths were the connection between the villages. The roads were less developed in the mountains (Mátra, Bükk) and in the catchment area of River Tisza. The roads in Heves county in the 18 th Century reached the advanced stage of the ordinary roads of Hungary. There was only one paved road in Heves county between Eger and Kerecsend. Ali the other roads were dirt roads similar to the present by-ways. There is a map enclosed demonstrating the system of roads in Heves county at the end of the 18 th Century, with all the highways, ordinary roadways, country lanes, forest paths. 30
