Szűcs Ernő: A debreceni István gőzmalom története - Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Levéltár közleményei 12. (Debrecen, 1978)

MUTATÓK

THE HISTORY OF THE "ISTVÁN" STEAM-MILL OF DEBRECEN BY ERNŐ SZŰCS The paper contains the history of one of the most prominent steam-mills of the country. The history of this mill is followed all the way from its foundation in 1843 to its destruction in 1944. The author embeds the history of the works into the current national conditions of that line of industry. Thus, in Chapter One he gives an outline of those specific features of the country's economical and political life, which rendered the development of large-scale, manufacture-like milling industry possible, (i. e. adequate supply of raw-material, the flow of commercial capital into industry, the initial harmony of interest between the Austro-Hungarian industrial capitalists and the Hungarian landed aristocracy, good marketing possibilities). Later, the author depicts the local conditions of founding the factory, which created the possibility to but at the same time postponed the realization of opening the mills. Chapter Two deals with the different periods in the history of the mill until the end of World War I. After describing the characteristic features of each period the author sets out — through examining the problems of techniques, proper and bank capitals, production, management, transport and marketing etc — to scrutinize the proficiency and development of the mill, making a hint at the same time at the role it plays in the town. Chapter Three gives an introduction to the new conditions of the industrialized Hungarian milling works, i. e. lack of capital, loss of markets, outsize output capacity, various milling unions etc, and then similarly to Chapter Two winds up the history of the mills until its was exploded in 1944. Chapter Four contains data on the social conditions of the workers (i. e. irregular employment, working hours, wages, etc.), their unionig activities i. e. benefit societies, trade-unions, underground party groups etc., and demonstrations. Besides giving a detailed description of the mills the paper presents a 100 years from the history of the Hungarian milling industry in the age of capitalism. • • • •