A Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Levéltár évkönyve 18. 1991 (Debrecen, 1991)

Tanulmányok - Gecsényi Lajos: Kelet-magyarországi kereskedők a nyugati távolsági kereskedelemben 1546-ban

Név

Lakóhely

fizetett vám (fi—d) Bécben Zurányban

41.

Kalmár Ferenc

Debrecen

12,15

11,55

42.

Barát Péter

Kevi

11,87

5

43.

Kovács András

Rap?

11,48

5,30

44.

Kádas Gáspár

Debrecen

10,05

3

45.

Sánta János

Debrecen

9,99

5,15

46.

Kádas Ferenc

Pápa

9,43

3

47.

Tóth Bálint

Gyula

9,19

2,50

Az összeállítás a bécs/zurányi jegyzék teljes névsorát, a pozsonyi és nezsideri jegyzékekből pedig a tiszántúli kereskedők neveit tartalmazza. Ezekre az alábbi jelek utalnak:

+P = a Bécs—pozsonyi úton is vámoltatott;

+N = a Bécs—nezsideri úton is vámoltatott;

P = csak a Bécs—pozsonyi úton vámoltatott.

* Sárosi János a zurányi német nyelvű jegyzékben két ízben „Tulln” lakóhellyel, egy alkalommal Várad lakóhellyel fordul elő. Tekintettel arra, hogy az 1546. decemberi latin nyelvű listán „Tolnensis”-ként szerepel (Zarazi családnévvel) ezt tartottuk valószínűbbnek s az alsó-ausztriai Tulln-t a Tolna félrehallásának ítéltük.

** A jegyzékben az a kiegészítő megjegyzés áll, hogy Hans Pethan-nak is nevezi magát.

*** Az 1546. decemberi zurányi latin jegyzékben Patasi Zsigmond név alatt szerepel.

EASTERN HUNGARIAN MERCHANTS IN THE WESTERN LONG-DISTANCE

TRADE IN 1546

Lajos Gecsényi

The day-books of the „thirtieths”, that is the lists of the customs fees collected at the borders are the sources of the history of Hungarian trade, which have survived very incompletely and the data of which can be analyzed only with difficulties. An example of them are the lists that were drawn up at the Western Hungarian tollhouses in Pozsony, Nezsider, Zurndorf and Sopron — they were some of the ones belonging to Queen Maria (the widow of Lajos II.) — during an Investigation with unknown purposes. They contain not only the kind of goods the merchants imported into the country but the list of their wares and the amount they had paid after them at the main customs in Vienna.

The list from Zurndorf, which is in the focus of our investigations, contains 48 merchants, the 52% of whom were from Várad, 25% from Debrecen, while 12 persons where the inhabitants of Pest and Fehérvár. The goods they declared in Vienna — as far gs their vaule is concerned — was in 74,2% in the possession of the merchants of Várad, and in 17,2% they belonged to people from Debrecen. The same ratio in Ztirndorf was 73% to 16,1%. Several merchants engaged agents (faktors) of were thenselves the agents of merchantes in Vienna. The greatest part of the imported goods were textiles (65,2% in Vienna and 71,8% in Zurndorf) while the 2nd 3rd and 4th places were occupied by metal and iron ware; luxury articles, chemicals, glass-ware and food-products (mainly tropical fruits.) The number of hats imported was the greatest among the textiles and that of the knives among the iron ware. On the basis of other sources we can state that some of the merchants importing goods from Vienna exported cattle in return.

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