Szabó János szerk.: Fragmenta Mineralogica Et Palaentologica 24-25. 2007. (Budapest, 2007)
Pleistocene Panthera in Hungarian collections Systematics Family Felidae FISCHER DE WALD HEIM, 1817 Subfamily Pantherinae POCOCK, 1917 Genus Panthera OKEN, 1816 Panthera onca LINNÉ, 1758 Panthera onca gombaszoegensis (KRETZOI, 1938) (Plate I: 1-5; Figure 7: A) 1938: I mgombasypgensis n. sp. — KRETZOI, p. 100, pl. 1, figs 1-7. 1963: Leo ci. gombasyoegensis KRETZOI —JÁNOSSY, p. 117, pl. 1, fig. 20. 1971: Panthera gombasyoegensis (KRETZOI) — HEMMER, p. 702. 2001: Panthera onca gombasyoegensis (KRETZOI) — HEMMER, p. 708, Pis 132, 133, 134. Table 3 — Measurements of P 4 of Panthera onca gombaszoegensis. V 69.647 G v n489 Gyn440 V 24063 Maximum length 32.0 33.0 32.0 SIM Length at the constriction 30.0 32.5 30.5 29.5 Length at the protocone 32.0 31.0 ? Length of paracone 12.0 13.0 12.0 12.li J .ength of metacone 12.0 13.0 12.0 12.0 Para- and metacone length 24.0 25.0 23.5 23.0 Width at the protocone 18.0 17.0 Rear biggest width 12.0 11.5 10.5 Width behind the protocone 12.(1 12.5 10.5 Height of paracone 17.0 1 5.(1 Height of protocone 6.0 5.5 Maximum height 18.0 16.0 P 4 — The degree of the constriction between the protocone and parastyle is negligible (in occlusal view). The well-developed enamel crest runs from the paracone to the protocone. The protocone is medium developed in most cases, except in specimen Gyn 489, where it is strongly developed. The parastyle is strongly expressed. On the buccal side of two of the four teeth a developed preparastyle (secondary cone) can be recognized. The tooth is not thickened on the buccal side. On the buccal side the margin of enamel rises steeply up toward the metastyle. Table 4 — Measurements of P 3 of Panthera onca gombaszoegensis. V 24063 Maximum length 21.0 Length of paracone 9.0 Height of paracone 13.0 Maximum width 9.5 Width of front part 8.0 Maximum height 13.0 P 3 — The protocone is slightly developed, slightly extends to the palatal side. The paracone and the hypocone are strongly developed. The tooth has a cingulum on its distal side. The tooth has no protostyle in the mesial part, what in other case is only a very strong cingulum instead of a cone. (The protostyle is a typical feature of the jaguar. The development of the pro to style varies in the Recent jaguar wilirin the species and in one individual, too. In the same individual the left tooth seems to have a protostyle, while there is only a strong cingulum on the right tooth instead of protostyle.) The crown does not form an extension on the palatal side. The crown forms a little arch on the buccal and palatal side towards the occlusal surface. P 2 — This is one of the less typical types of teeth. It is separated from the upper canine by a usually short diastema. Table 5 — Measurements of P3 of Panthera onca gombaszoegensis. V 69.643 V 59.1041 Maximum length 19.0 16.5 Length of protoconid 9.5 8 Height of protoconid 11.0 10 Maximum width 10.0 8 Width at the protoconid 7 Maximum height 12.0 11 P3 — The paraconid is weakly developed and extends slightly to the lingual side. The protoconid is welldeveloped, the hypoconid is weakly developed. Cingulum is slightly developed. The tooth is relatively long. Figure 7 — The typical enamel arch on the palatal side. — A: The upper, rear premolar (P 4 ) of Panthera onca gombasyoegensis Gyn489 from Gombaszög/Gombasek in lateral (palatal) view, B: The upper, rear premolar (P 4 ) of the lion Panthera leo fossilis V 69.673 Vértesszőlős in lateral (palatal) view. P4 — The paraconid and the protoconid are very strongly developed. The hypoconid is medium developed. The paraconid is higher than the hypoconid. The protoconid gendy leans to distal direction. The cingulum is well developed. The cingulum and the hypoconid region is very strongly developed in the case of V 59.1039 from Gombaszög/Gombasek.
