Vörös A. szerk.: Fragmenta Mineralogica Et Palaentologica 16. 1993. (Budapest, 1993)

The differences between the faunal composition of the layers are more conspicuous if we merge the list of remains of the two "fine-grained" and the three "coarse-grained" ones respectively. (Here I have to remark that we washed less material from the layer 6 than from the others, thus the faunal picture of this layer provides only informative data.) The fauna formerly ranged into the cold substage of the Lower Würm obviously needs a revision, at least as far as the lower layers (4, 5, 6) are concerned. From climatic point of view important data are provided mainly by the micromammal remains. The wood mouse (Apodemus), the edible dormouse (Glis glis) and the white-toothed shrew (Crocidura) are unambiguous warm indicators, whereas the mole rat (Spalax) and the pine vole {Pitymys subterraneus) indicate more or less warm conditions. I have to add, that there are coldindicators, found together the above forms, e.g. the arctic lemming (Dicrostonyx) and the narrow-skulled vole (Microtus gregalis). It is probable, however, that the habitat of the M. gregalis was not the same as today (although even today it is living also south of the taiga-zone in a wide strip together with steppe lemming (Lagurus lagurus). Furthermore as far as the arctic lemming is concerned, in the foregoing I have referred to the irregular (lenticular) stratification of the layers, hence we have to reckon with a certain mixing of the material of the single levels. For example in the lower beds only some single molars occurred, while the mandible with Mi was found in the upper beds. Apart from all the above uncertainties there is a very demonstrative difference between the upper and lower layers both from stratigraphical and climatical aspects. Figure 4 shows the well visible differences expressed by the percentage of different vole species bed-by-bed. On the figure one can recognize the followings: Fig. 4: The percentage of vole species from Tokod II. 1: Arvicola terrestris, 2: Lagurus lagurus, 3: Dicrostonyx torquatus, 4: Microtus arvalis, 5: M. agrestis, 6: M. gregalis, 7: M. oeconotnus, 8: Clethrionomys glareolus, 9: Pitymys subterraneus