Vörös A. szerk.: Fragmenta Mineralogica Et Palaentologica 13. 1987. (Budapest, 1987)

lower Mi_2 are narrow. The anterior wall of the crown is straight between the proto- and metastylids. The lower molars are leaning forward in the alveoli of the corpus mandibula, therefore a lack of enamel had developed anteriorly over the roots of the teeth. The teeth of the Ovibos find of the Lipova Cave are smaller than those of the Ovibos teeth from the gravels of Süssenborn (KAHLKE 1963, 1969). - vert, cervicalis 5th (Plate V: 1). Old Inv. Nr. 89. 1851.-275., new Inv. Nr. V. 60-427. The vert, cervicalis is not intact: the proc. spinosus and the ant. proc. articularis dext. are broken off; the bilateral proc. transversus bones are damaged. The corpus vertebrae is short, wide. The caput vertebrae is wide, the facies terminális cranialis is widened below and it is bellshaped; it extends over the ventral tubers of the proc. transversus. The foramen vertebrae is rounded. The foramen transversarium is narrow. Dimensions (in mm): vertebra height (to the bases of the proc. spinosus) 90; greatest length 72; body length 55; width across the proc. articularis caudalis 88; smallest width between proc. artic. cran, and caud. 66; least vertebra breadth (the most medial points of the lateral borders of the arcus) 60; for. vertebrae breadth 24; its height 25; breadth of the fac. terminális cranialis 73; its height 50; breadth of the fac. term, caudalis 66.5; its height 55. The Ovibos remains of the Lipova Cave belong to the form Ovibos pallantis (H. SMITH, 1827). KRETZOI (1942) who made the first exact re-examination of the phylogeny and taxonomy of fossil Ovibovini was also the first to point out that there are different, valid names of both fossil and recent forms. That is why we cannot apply the specific names of recent Ovibos forms to denominate fossil ones. The oldest known Ovibos at present is Ovibos moschatus süssenbornensis KAHLKE, 1963 (P. pallantis süssenbornensis). Its teeth are larger, while the dimensions of its horncore are identical with those of the Lipova Cave specimen. The dimensions of the horn-cores are identical with those of the horn-core of the finds identified as "

O. moschatus wardi LYD." (SOERGEL 1941, measurements in KOWARZIK 1912). However, the surfaces of the horncores of this last-mentioned finds are latero-medially widely and deeply concave. The horn-cores identified as belonging to "O. moschatus moschatus (ZIM. )" or "O. mackensianus KOW. " from the Upper Pleistocene layers are larger. The skull found in the Danube valley near Zebegény in Hungary belongs to these above-mentioned forms (GAÁL 1933, KRETZOI 1942, Taf. XXV. 1-3). Bison schoetensacki schoetensacki FREUDENBERG, 1910 - top of horn-core dext. (Plate VI: 1). Old Inv. Nr. 89. 1851.-277., new Inv. Nr. V. 60. 434. There are thin spots of film-like dripstone layer on the surface of the horn-core fr. Its crosssection is circular, its diameter is 48-50 mm. The horn-core is slightly arched. The length of the fragment is 200 mm. - corpus mandibulae dext. with P

3

_

4-M

1

_

3 (Plate VI: 2). Old Inv. Nr. 95. 1851.-6., new Inv. Nr. V. 60. 436. The lower edge of the corpus mandibulae is arched, its inner wall is straight (flat). The crowns of teeth are high and thin, outwards they are concave, especially M3. The 3rd cusp of Mg is thin. The height of the corpus mandibulae is 54 at P2/3» while it is 67 mm at M2/3. Its breadth is 32 mm. Dimensions of teeth (in mm): basal length breadth crown height The distribution of to Lower teeth r B. schoetense Lipova Cavi Tiraspol (F D. Voigtstedt ( P

3 P

3 M

l M

2 M

3 17 21 22 32 47 12 15 17 18 17 56 >oth dimensions of Bison (in mm): •ow length P-M P M icki e 170 58.5 108 'LEROV and AVID 1971) 170-175 60-61 105-112 [FISCHER 1965) 156.5 58-60.5 96.5 - 102