S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 64. (Budapest, 2003)
from Giraud's collection (the types he prepared for description, but never described) there ara no doubts that these specimens belong to A. kollari. Distribution - Widespread throughover Europe, eastward of the Pyrenees (excluding a small area in Southern France), always following Q. cerris distribution; the native range seems to be Apenine and Balkan Peninsula. Asia Minor populations need confirmation, since genetic analysis (Stone et al. 2001) shows separation from both Iberian and Balkan populations, and they could belong to the herein described new species, A. sternlichti or other unknown species. North African records probably belong to A. hispanicus and not to A. kollari. Biology - The asexual generation develops on many deciduous oak species (Quercus robur, Q. petraea, Q. pubescens, Q. frainetto, Q. virgiliana, Q. pyrenaica, Q. faginea, Q. fruticosa and Q. canariens! s). Sexual galls develop in groups in apical or lateral buds on the previous year's shoots, singly or often in groups, on Q. cerris. In Israel the sexual generation was recorded from Q. ithaburensis, another member of the oak section Cerris (Stcrnlicht 1968). Sexual adults emerge in April May, the asexual generation matures and emerges by mid-July. In its invaded northern European range, this generation has a complex phenology. With increasing latitude a greater proportion of the asexual generation galls do not emerge until the following summer - in northern Scotland, all asexual generation females diapause in this way, resulting in a lifecycle that takes two years instead of one. Andricus lignicolus (Hartig, 1840) (Figs 8, 13, 63-68) Cynips lignicola Hartig 1840: 207. Gall. Cynips lignicola Hartig: Hartig 1843: 402. Female, gall. Adleria lignicola (Hartig): Rohwer & Fagan 1917: 359. Andricus lignicola (Hartig): Benson 1953: 220. Andricus lignicola f. vanheurni Docters van Leeuwen & Dekhuijzen-Maasland 1958: 106. Not available. Andricus lignicola f. vanheurni: Wiebes-Rijks 1978: 140-141. Not available. Type material - Two pins with 6 galls in the collection of the ZSMC. On a small branch with 4 galls, we consider the isolated left inferior gall as the lectotype, with the following labels: white handwritten label "Reaumur. IV, T. 35, fig. 5"; pink label "Lectotype Zoologische Staatssammlg. München, Bellido & Pujade-Villar design. 2000"; white label "Andricus lignicolus Hartig, Bellido & Pujade-Villar det. 2000". Five galls are paralectotypes. Three of them on the same pin as the lectotype, another 2 galls are labelled as: "Paralectotype Staatssammlg. München" and a white label "Andricus lignicolus Hartig, Bellido & Pujade-Villar det. 2000". Material examined - In the collection of the UB, Barcelona (private coll. of Pujade-Villar) - 14 galls and 13 adults; nine adults labelled as "Rennes (France) (leg. Folliot)", "VI—VII. 1959"; 2 females as "Cesson-Sevigne (France)", "23.III. 2000" and "VI. 2000". Five galls and 10 adults are deposited in the Barbotin collection in UB, Barcelona and labelled as follows: 4 females "Rennes (France)", "VI. 1957"; 1 female "V. 1958", 1 female "Domloup (France)", "28.IV. 1966"; 2 females with "V.1966"; 2 females "St. Hilaire (France)", "VI. 1970". In the collection of HNHM, Budapest, in the Méhes collection there are 178 asexual females, collected from different sites in Hungary, and partially in Slovakia. In the collection of the SPL, Kőszeg there are 86 asexual females, collected by G. Melika, Gy. Csóka and R. Bailey from different parts of Hungary and 12 females collected by G. Melika in Ukraine, Transcarpathian region.
