S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 48. (Budapest, 1987)
habits (although, naturally, there could exist such groups, too). Consequently, I consider the following genera as foreign to the tribe Eupitheciini (or, in some cases, their relegation needs further detailed investigation): Gym no see lis Mabille, 1868; Chloroclystis Hübner, 1825; Collix Guenée, 1857; Anticollix Prout, 1938, Echthrocollix Inoue, 1953; Herbulotia Inoue, 1953; Horisme Hübner, 1825; Pseudocollix Warren, 1895; Melanthia Duponchel, 1829; Piercia Janse, 1933; Calliclystis Dietze, 1910, as well as a number of groups occurring in the South American and Indo-Australian faunas. These latter and the genera Gymnoscelis Mabille, Chloroclystis Hübner, and Calliclystis Dietze stand nearer to the species constituting the tribe Eupitheciini; the other genera display several features apparently related to each other but less so with the species of the tribe Eupitheciini (sensu VOJNITS). The establishing of a new tribe, "beside" the tribe Eupitheciini, for Chloroclystis Hübner, Callisclystis Dietze, and, to use the rather simplified term circumtropical, for the South American and Indo-Australlan groups is justified; I assign here also the genus Gymnoscelis Mabille, although it shows some remarkable peculiarities in certain features. The proposal of a new Geometrid subfamily for the tribe Eupitheciini and the one to be erected does not seem an undue exaggeration, but the creation of new higher taxonomic units does not in Itself solve problems (contrarily to the beliefs of a great number of authors). I define the place of origin of the group, an erstwhile taxon, which in my opinion produced the tribe Eupitheciini (and provisionally also the tribe chloroclystoid genera), as that part of the ancient contiguous continent which now corresponds to the tropical-subtropical regions of South America. In this area of most favourable conditions there took place a considerable amount of differentiation the two main branches ramified into further subgroups. The majority of related groups of a generic rank occur in South America even today. Those definable as chloroclystoid evolved in equatorial or subequatorial regions: they have very few representatives in temperate zones. Groups of an eupithecoid character (s. str.) are, contrarily to the preceding ones, of a definitely temperate character: their number (species) is relatively low in tropical areas, but it sharply Increases in temperate regions. To sum up: according to our present knowledge only six genera belong in the tribe Eupitheciini. The genus Eupithecia is distributed in all continents, yet preponderantly in the temperate zone. The genera Catarina Vojnits and Eva Vojnits are East Palaearctic, while Heteropithecia Vojnits, Neopith- ecia Vojnits, and Propithecia Vojnits are Neotropical. Accordingly, the system of the tribe Eupitheciini is as follows: Eupithecia Curtis, 1825 + - (British Lepidoptera, 2: 64.) type species: Eupithecia absinthiata Clerck, 1759. Catarina Vojnits, 1973 - (Acta zool. hung., 19: 427-430.) type species: Eupithecia suboxydata Staudinger, 1897. Eva Vojnits, 1981 - (Acta zool. hung., 27: 407-408.) type species: Eva flexa Vojnits, 1981. Propithecia Vojnits, 1985 - (Acta zool. hung. 31: 407-408.) type species: Propithecia kristenseni Vojnits, 1985. Heteropithecia Vojnits, 1985 - (Acta zool. hung. 31: 412.) type species: Heteropithecia atacama Vojnits, 1985. Neopithecia Vojnits. 1985 - (Acta zool. hung. 31: 415-416.) type species: Neopithecia akersbergi Vojnits, 1985. REFERENCES INOUE, H. et al. (1982): Moth of Japan, Tokyo. Vol . 1-2: pp. 966+552+Plate 392. McDUNNOUGH, J. H. (1949): Revision of the North American Species of the Genus Eupithecia (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) - Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 93: 535-728, Plates 26-32. PETERSEN, W. (1909): Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Eupithecia Curt. - D. ent. Z. Iris, 22: 203-314, Taf. 1-28. Author's address: Dr. A. VOJNITS Zoological Department Hungarian Natural History Museum Baross u. 13. H-1086 Budapest Hungary Synonyms are not given either here or below.
