Folia archeologica 54.

Hoppál Krisztina: Rómaiak Kínában? A ganquani 2. sír római vonatkozású üveglelete

158 MRÁV ZSOLT-VIDA ISI VAN COMMENTARY On the analogy of a military diploma dating from the same period in the RömischGermanisches Zentralmuseum (RGZM) in Mainz, Line 8 contained the names of the actual consuls at the time of the auxiliary constitution; only the letters of the name of the consul prior have survived: M. COM[ ]. This consul can be identified with M. Cominius Secundus, who is named as the consulsuffectus in a constitution issued on September 24, 151 AD for the troops in Dacia Porolissensis (RMD V 404)

2 and in another for the troops from Pannónia superior and Noricum transferee! to Mauretania Caesariensis, to the Moorish war of Antoninus Pius at the time.

3 Three military diplomas issued to soldiers serving in Pannónia inferior indicate that he was the governor of Pannónia inferior before his consulship between 147/148—150 AD (still acting in this capacity on August 1, 150 AD: CIL XVI 99). Earlier, between 142-144/145, he was the legátus of the legio VMacedonica (AE 1972, 547).

4 The two diplomas issued in 151 AD record the name of the co-consul of M. Cominius Secundus: L. Attidius Cornelianus (PIR

2 A 1341). They were the consules suffecti between July 1 and September 30, in the third nundinum of the year 151 AD. The military diploma from Siófok can be dated to this period. The first four lines of the diploma's inner side can thus be restored with Antoninus Pius' name and his titulature in the third quarter of the year 151 AD:

5 pont(ifex) max(imus), trib(unicia) pot(estate

) XIV ijmp(erator) 11 co(n)s(ul) [IVp(ater) p(atriae). Although the constitution also affected soldiers serving in the fleet, the letters СОН I[ ] of Line 9 on the outer side indicate that the diploma's owner was discharged from an auxiliary cohort in which he served as an infantry soldier (or a mounted soldier in the case of a cohors equitata). Owing to the diploma's fragmentary condition, the name of the unit remains unknown, as does the province of whose army it was part of. Only so much can be ascertained that the province had a fleet, and thus it can be identified with one of the European frontier provinces (most likely with Pannónia inferior, see below). Even in its fragmentary state, the military diploma from Siófok provides additional evidence for the settlement ofveterans with different ethnic background (Treveri, lturaei

, Audi) in the l

s

t-2

n

d centuries AD, documented also by the other military diplomas (Table 1), inscriptions mentioning veterans (RIU 293, RIU 952),

6 weapon graves (such as the ones at Cserszegtomaj-Dobogódomb and Csopak-Kőkoporsódomb),' and the militaria finds brought to light in non-military contexts on civilian settlements (for example at Nemesvámos-Balácapuszta and Gyulafirátót-Pogánytelek)

8 (Fig. 3). B. Pferdehirt specifies the Balaton area as the findspot of another military diploma in the collection of the RGZM, likewise issued in 151 AD during the consulship of M. Cominius Secundus and I.. Attidius Cornelianus. Together with - The military diploma was discovered in the auxiliary fort of Sanum (Ca§eiu, Romania): ISAC 2001, 4960. S PFERDEHIRT 2004, 92-96 4 For his career, ср.: PIR

2 С 1271; ALFÖLDY 1977, 250; FITZ 1993, 524-525 No. 312; ISAC 2001, 55-56; PFERDEHIRT 2004, 95. The constitution of two diplomas from Regöly (County Somogy, Hungary) dated to October 9, 148 AI) mentioned him as the governor of Pannónia inferior (CIL XVI 179-180), as does the constitution of a diploma from Brigetio dated to August 1, 150 AD (CII

. XVI 99): cf. FITZ 1993, 524-525 Nr. 312; LŐRINC

/ 2005, 149. He appears as the legate of the legio Г Macedonica on inscription AE 1972, 547: cf. RADULESCL 1968, 319-323; REYNOLDAS 1971, 144-145. 5 K

IENAST 19962, 134-135. « ALFÖLDI 1936, 37; MÓCSY 1959, 39-43; G

ABLER 1993-1994, 149-151; G

ABLER 1994, 394. 7 MRÁV in preparation. 8 For A more comprehensive discussion, cf. MRÁV 2008.