Folia archeologica 49-50.

István Vörös: Egy vemhes kanca csontváza a Pilismarót-Szobi révi római kiserődben

194 ISTVÁN VÖRÖS which the find assemblage No. 1. was at a 0,5 ms distance to the W from the entrance (Fig. 1.). The E-W length of the quadrangular fossa of the 2nd century A.D. Roman minor fortress at Pilismarót-Szobi rév is 64 m and it encircles an unusually large inner area of 58 m. In the Danube Bend region it is only the fossa of the 4th century A.D. Pilismarót-Malompatak minor fortress which has a N-S length of cca. 60 m (SOPRONI 1978. Tal. 18.). Along the Pilismarót Danube section the 2nd century A.D. wooden watch-towers (Nr. 2., 3.) were found directly at the-present-river bank and the Szobi-rév minor fortress, is at an about 50 ms distance inwardly from the river (KEMENCZEI-STANCZIK 1982. Fig. 1.). The inner buildings of the minor fortress are unknow, therefore we can only try to guess the function of this military building. It could have been a logistic center or - according to Endre TÓTH - a right bank fortress of an early bridge-head. The military attack against the Roman military minor fortress at PilismarótSzobi rév took place between 167 and 180 A.D. and at winter-time (January-February)

. The ferocity and cruelty of the battle between the enemy which had crossed the Danube covered with ice and the defenders is well illustrated by the presence of those human corpses and animal carcasses found in the fossa part of which bear marks of cutting and cleaving. That is the enemy was not contected with the killing of human and animals, it even cut up and into pieces them mercilessly (see KEMENCZEI-STANCZIK 1979 fig. 4., section A/IV. moreover sections Í. and XX-XXI and fossa Nr. 3-5., 7., 14-15., 17 -19). That is why they did not spare even the mare being alredy seemingly with foal. There was no need for a Roman horse which 2—3 months later would foal. The horse was stabbed (a fragment of an iron object among her ribs) then they cut off the limbs from the trunk. The remains of the horse were found within a nearly 15 m long sector, though not all of her bones were found, because the sin. - dext. scapula-hum-rad-ulna, the sin.- dext. fem., sin.tib.prox., sin. - dext. astragalus/calcaneus, sin. mt. are missing. The enemy had broken the spine of two dogs (Nr. 11.), one of them was hacked up (Nr. 1.). The outcome of the military attack was clear-cut. The defenders had cleared the ruins and victims in haste then left the fortress. The invaders, too, had losses, their weapons were found in the fossa (TÓTH 1982. 78. Fig. 2.). The corpses, carcasses and objects were found in the fossa at a higher level over its bottom and nearly at the same level, suggesting that the lower part of the fossa had been filled up, silted up, thus forming an about 30-60 cm thick silty layer. Translated: Erzsébet Bácskay