Folia archeologica 47.

Balázs Gusztáv Mende: Tiszaföldvár - Téglagyár csontanyaga

66 BALÁZS GUSZTÁV MENDE Grave 1986/42: 8-9 years old (infans II) child Fragmented, deficient skull with long bones of medium state of preservation. Traces of ochre painting on the skull, mainly on the temple region. Age was determined on the basis of dentition status as well as long bone dimensions. The characteristics of the skull observed on the two measurable items are as follows: The female skull 1981/98 is long and narrow according to absolute dimensions, the temples are medium wide. As regards the index values, it is dolichocran, with medium wide frontal parts. The form of the skull is ovoid in norma verticalis while in norma occipitalis, it is between bomb and house form. The occipital profile is curvooccipital with slight flatness at the lambda region. The male skull 1986/41 is long and narrow according to absolute dimensions, the frontal part is medium wide. Indices show ultrahyperdolichocran character, very high orbital pits. The outline of the skull in norma verticalis is ovoid, in norma occipitalis, house-form, curvooccipital. No flatness can be observed at the lambda region. The frontal ridge and the occipital torus is strong, masculine. According to the dimensions of the skeletal bones, the two measurable men were of small-medium height, in one case, slightly robust, in the other case and the not measurable instances, unambiguously gracile individuals. In case of the two painted bones, the complete skull and the skeletal bones were apparently painted while on the bones of the child, traces of paint were observed only the temple and the occipital regions of the skull and some of the long bones. It is possible that the complete skeleton was painted as well. Conclusions The series of Neolithic human bones found at Tiszaföldvár-Téglagyár (two men, two women and a child) comprised bones in medium-bad state of preservation, ill suited for taking measurements. On the bones of one man and a child, traces of ochre painting were observed. Notable characteristics observed on the bones include a torus mandibularis, in one case, sacralisatio, and sacroiliacalis arthritis, respectively. Due to the fragmentary character of the material, dentition could not be studied. The two skulls which were suitable for taxonomical studies show very long, long skull form with narrow-medium wide temple. The masculine character of the occipital region of the skull is striking. Stature data indicate small-medium values, the total bone evidence denote gracile individuals. BIBLIOGRAPHY ALEKSEIEV-DEBEC 1964 Alekseiev, V P - Debec, G. F Kraniometria. Metodika antropologitseski isskledovni. Isdatelstvo Nauka, Moscow/1964/ 112-127. ÉRY-KRALOVÁNSZKY-NEMESKÉRI 1963 Éry, К. - Kralovánszky, A. - Nemeskéri, J. Történeti népességek rekonstrukciójának reprezentációja. AnthrK. 7 /1963/ 41-90. FEREMBACH et al. 1979 Ferembach, D. - Schwidetzky, I. - Stloukal, M. Empfehlungen für die Alters-und Geschlechtsdiagnose am Skelett. Homo 30/1979/2 1-32 MARTIN-SALLER 1957 Martin, R. - Saller, K., Lehrbuch der Anthropologie. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1957 NEMESKÉRI-HARSÁNYI-ACSÁDI 1960 Nemeskéri,1. - Harsányi, L. -Acsádi, Oy. Methoden zur Diagnose des Lebensalters von Skelettfunden. AnthrAnz 24/1960/ 71-88 SJOVOLD 1990 Sjovold, T. Estimation of stature from long bones utilizing the line of organic correlation. Human Evolution 5/1990/431-447