Folia archeologica 36.

Lovag Zsuzsa: Egy XI. századi bronz korpusz

210 ISTVÁN VÖRÖS 2.2. Crescent-shaped Drinking-horns The Lykke horn made from the horn of Central European domestic cattle;

54 the Dryckes horn;

5

5 the two Sigismund horns;

5

6 the Corvin horn

5

7 and the Camming horn

5

8 are all representative of this type. Other beautiful and highly typical crescent shaped horns are — unfortunately without dimensional data — the Haakon horn;

5

9 the Danish horn from the 15th century

6

0 and the German horn from the 16th century.

6

1 This last shows an extraordinary resemblance to the Sigismund I. horn. In my opinion, the identifications as regards the origin of the horns used for drinking-horns are not unambiguous. My opinion on the possibility of using horns of certain Bovids for this purpose is as follows: Aurochs A possible explanation why drinking-horns were made from the horns of large wild Bovida is that they have extremely large dimensions. In general, the horn-cores of known Medieval and early modern time cattle are really very small. Aurochs remains without exact dates are known to come from: the peat-bogs of Schleswig-Holstein and include: the juvenile cow or bull horn from the Neddler Moor;

6

2 the twisted (bull ?) horn-pair from the Gnutz Moor

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3 and the gigantic twisted horn of the Baderup Moor.

6

4 The apex of this last horn is compact to a length of 50—60 mms length. The shapes, forms, and dimensions of these horns are correspond well with those of Mesolithic-Neolithic Aurochs horn-cores which also came to light from the peat-bogs of Schleswig-Holstein.

6

5 Both the horn-cores and horns of prehistoric Aurochs are bigger than those of Aurochs horn-cores from historical times and they are also bigger than those horns which were used for making drinking-horns during the Middle Ages and early modern times (Table 5). Medieval drinking-horns could not have been made from, that is; they could not have been "reduced" from these prehistoric Aurochs horns. Thus the horns of Medieval and early modern drinking-horns do not come from prehistoric Aurochs but they could be older than the goldsmith's work with which they were decorated. 5

4 Axal

—Nilsson, G., op. cit. 47. Fig. 1. 5

5 Ibid. 38., Fig. 4. 5

6 Horn I = Inv. № 1964. 17. 1,2. In Cséfalvay, P., The treasury of Esztergom Cathedral (Budapest 1984) 12., Fig. 11.; Bökönyi, S., op. cit. (1956) 145—., Abb. 1.; Horn II = Inv. № 1964 18. 1,2. In: Cséfalvay, P., op. cit. 13., Fig. 12.; Bökönyi, i., op. cit. (1956) 145—., Abb. 2. 5

7 Inv. № 1964. 29. 1,2. In: Cséfalvay, P., op. cit. 14., Fig. 14.; Bökönyi, S., op. cit. (1956) 145—., Abb. 3. 5

8 Lengerken, H. op. cit. 167., Abb. 236. s® ILN (24th January 1959) 125. 6

0 Stone, P., op. cit. (April 1961) Fig. 6. 6

1 Id., op. cit. (May 1961) Fig. 8. 6

2 R

equate, H., op. cit. 298., 309. Nr. 2., Abb. 1. 6

3 Ibid. 302., 310. Nr. 51., Abb. 2, 3. «

4 Ibid. 300., 309. Nr. 14. 6

5 Ibid. Tabl. 1, 2.