Folia archeologica 35.

~16 ISTVÁN VÖRÖS A В С D E 71,09 2,64 2,70 14,57 9,00 55,89 10,10 8,21 16,05 9,02 Istállóskő Cave "Au.-I—II" Érd-UCL. open-air site A- head region, В- trunk region, C- meaty limb region, D- dry limb region, E- phalanges and bones in the hides. At the open air site Érd, the quantity of trunk bones is four times larger while that of meaty limb region bones is ca three times larger than the quantities found in the Istállóskő Cave. At Érd the ratio of the remains of the head regions is slightly lower than at the Istállóskő Cave while that of the dry limb regions is slightly higher than that found in the Istállóskő Cave. The ratio of the bones remaining in the hides and phalanges is, however, the same in the two sites! The significant differences between the two sites as for the ratio of bones of the trunk region and of meaty limb remains might have been caused, beyond the determination problems of bones, by several factors, as first of all by the different geographical energy of a lowland open-air site and a highland cave site and their situation (more meaty region bones and intact regions could have been transportid to an open-air site), and/or by the more efficient tools of Aurignacian I

—II cultures used for stripping the meat. In the Istállóskő Cave the composition and distribution of cave bear remains according to body regions does not show that percent distribution which would be expected if whole cave bears had got into the cave either as hunted animals for eating and other usage (found in the garbage) or had died there "naturally" (Table 5). In the Istállóskő Cave the distribution of cave bear remains according to each body region is asymmetrical; giving different pictures both horizontally and vertically (Tables 4, 5). The unevenly distributed bone material is actually the indicator of different human activities and their location. The topographical distribution of the cave bear remains is the following {Table 5): A. — In front of the big hearth in the frontal part and in the frontal section of the middle part of the cave: In Layer I

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1 — besides the conspicuous head-region ratio 417 %, the distributio of other regions is balanced, though low, only of 10—21 %. In Layer III

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1 — besides the high ratio of head region 314 %, the distribution of other regions is approx. balanced, but already of 51—63 % ! In Layer IV

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1 — the ratio of head region is still high 308 %, but the ratio of the other regions significantly differs from each other: meaty limb bones 60 %, dry limb bones 89 %, bones remained in the hides and phalanges 32 % — it is the lowest in upper layers. In Layer V

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i — the ratio of head region definitely decreased to 168 %, that of the dry limb bones rises to 165 %, the ratio of bones remained in the hides and phalanges is 73 %, that of the meaty limb bones is 69 %.