Folia archeologica 35.

~12 ISTVÁN VÖRÖS HUNTED MAMMALS OF THE ISTÁLLÓSKÖ CAVE Among the 40 mammal species

1

0 known from the Istállóskő Cave 21 species can be regarded as hunted animals. They are: Blue hare — Lepus timidus Wolf — Canis lupus Fox — Vulpes vulpes Brown bear — Ursus arctos Cave bear — Ursus spelaeus Pine marten — Martes martes Polecat — Putorius putorius Badger — Meies meles Cave hyaena — Crocotta spelaea Cave lion — Leo spelaeus Wild cat — Felis silvestris Lynx — Lynx lynx Horse — Equus sp., micro-medium size Wild boar — Sus scrofa Red deer — Cervus elaphus Elk — Alces alces Reindeer — Rangifer tarandus Wild goat — Capra ibex Chamois — Rupicapra rupicapra Bison — Bison priscus Aurochs — Bos primigenius 1

9 Janossy, D., op. cit. (1955) 152.; Toepfer

, V

. determined the juvenile Capra ibex (?) horn core published by janossy, D. (op. cit. (1955) Pl. LUI., 11.) as that of a Saiga antelope: Toepfer, V. Ein Saiga-Hornzapfenaus dem saaleeiszeitlichen Zeuchfclder Sander bei Freyburg (Unstrut). Geologie (Berlin) 13(1964) 110—113. This erroneous datum overtaken by Kablke

, H. D., Der Saiga-Fund von Bottrop, Westfalen. Quartär 26(1975) 135—146. The infantile horn core came to light from the III ("UCL") Layer of Istállóskő Cave. (Inv. №.: V.

59.341.) belongs to Rupicapra! Horncore dimensions (in mm): 1. 2. 3. 4. Saiga (Toepfer 1964) 64—118 33—38 30—34 — Saiga (Kahlke 1975) 134 32,5 28,5 94,9 Capra (Istállóskő Cave) — 83 70 252 Rupicapra (Istállóskő С.) 50 20 18 64 inf. Rupicapra (Pilisszántó I. Rock Shelter) 76 22,1 20 68 adult 1. length, 2. greatest diameter, 3. smallest diameter, 4. circumference fo the base. Mammoth also must be written off from the list of the game animals transported to IstállóskőCave since only the so-called "bone-sticks" made of its polished tusks were found in the cave.Even the remains of calves which could be killed and transported more easily unknown so far. Mammoth still lived in the Istállóskő faunal phase and its remains are known from some other sites, too. It disappeared from the Pleistocene fauna of the Carpathian Basin in the beginning of the stadial following W II/III Stillfried В interstadial.