Folia archeologica 31.

István Vörös: Zoológiai és palaeoökonómiai vizsgálatok a korai neolitikus Körös kultúra archaeozoologiai anyagán

ARCHAEOZOOLOCIA 53 At Hódmezővásárhely-Gorzsa-Kovács tanya there were only a few animal bones; only those of the cattle and of the pig came to light.

8

0 At TiszaugTópart five species of domesticated animals and the bones of the closed forest and scrubby forest species were found among wild mammals

81 (Table 2). The equid found here — like the one at Óbesenyő — would have been a steppe wild ass or a forest wild horse. At Tiszajenő-Szárazérpart 91,22 per cent of the whole bone material belongs to domesticated animals and 8,78 per cent of it to wild animals

82 (Table 2). There are two settlements in the Middle Tisza region the animal bone material of which is well documented, namely: Szajol-Felsőföld and KőtelekHuszársarok (Pit I.). The percentage of the bones of domesticated animals and wild mammals in these settlements are: Szajol-Felsőföld 92,73 7,27 Kőtelek-Huszársarok Pit 1. 67,15 32,85 The percentage of the small ruminants and cattle within the domesticated animals is: Szajol-Felsőföld 53,90 45,65 Kőtelek-Huszársarok Pit 1. 48,80 51,20 The percentage distribution of the wild mammal bones is: Szajol-Felsőföld Kőtelek-Husz Szajol-Felsőföld Pit 1. 1. aurochs 48,50 Ferae 59,10 2. wild boar 16,17 red deer 13,63 3. red deer 13,13 wild boar 9,09 4. roe deer 9,09 aurochs 9,09 5. hare 5,05 roe deer 9,09 (>. wild ass 1,00 7. Ferae 6,06 8. Beaver 1,00 According to the environmental demand of the wild mammals at SzajolFelsőföld the species of the scrubby forest (57,59 per cent), the closed forest (35,36 per cent) and the steppe (10,09 per cent) while at Kőtelek-Huszársarok (Pit 1.) the species of the closed forest (81,82 per cent) and the scrubby forest (18,18 per cent) were found. Summing up we can establish that in the five geographical areas the wild mammal species killed as a game in greatest quantity were at the different settlements of different kind. Naturally it means not only a specialization but also the existence of different hunting grounds. In the territory of the Northern Bácska the two extreme phytocenoses are that of the steppe and that of the closed forest, in the Northern Banat that of the closed forest, in the Maros 8

0 Gazdapusztai, Gy., op.cit. 10. 8

1 Kutzián, I., op.cit. 14. 8

2 Bökönyi, S., op.cit. 1975. Table 1.