Folia archeologica 31.

István Vörös: Zoológiai és palaeoökonómiai vizsgálatok a korai neolitikus Körös kultúra archaeozoologiai anyagán

FOLIA ARCHAEOLOGICA XXXI. 1980, BUDAPEST ZOOLOGICAL AND PALAEOECONOMICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE A RCHAEO ZOO LOGICAL MATERIAL OF THE EARLY NEOLITHIC KÖRÖS CULTURE István VÖRÖ.S The first culture representing the Neolithic way of life in the Carpathian Basin was the Körös Culture which had an Aegean-Balkan origin. Its people had settled down here during the 6

t

h millenium B. C. on the narrow terraces free from flood along the greater rivers in the SE part of the Great Hungarian Plain. Though the archaeological remains of the culture are well-known, its inner periodization is still unclear.

1 The investigation of the Körös culture within the Neolithic history of the Carpathian Basin is an important task of archaeozoology, too, as the most fundamental branches of the Early Neolithic food-producing economy were animal keeping, hunting and fishing. Archaeozoology, in close cooperation with archaeological research can make use of its special investigating methods to detect and even to reconstruct the biological material and partly, the social structure of the culture. The faunistical characterization of the animal keeping and hunting of the Körös Culture was treated the first time by S. Bökönyi.

2 The treatment of the osteological material from new sites of the Körös Culture as well as the application of new investigating methods can complete our persent knowledge. This paper contains the investigation of the osteological material from 18 sites (settlements) of the Körös Culture (Fig. 1 ; Tables 1,2): 1 Banner, J., Dolg. 13(1936) 242-285.; Id., Das Tisza-, Maros-, Körös-Gebiet bis zur Entwicklung der Bronzezeit. (Szeged 1942) 14-26.; Kutzián, I., The Körös Culture. DissPann 11,23. (Budapest 1944). ; Banner, J., Acta Arch. Hung. 4(1954) 1 — 8. ; GaraSanin, D., Die Siedlung der Starcevokultur in Nosa bei Subotica und das Problem der neolithischen Lehmscheunen. In : Bericht d. V. Internationaler Kongreß für Vor- und Frühgeschichte. (Hamburg 1958) 303 — 307.; Trogmayer, O. ; Arch. Ért. 91(1964) 67-84.; Makkay, J. - Trogmayer, 0., MFMÉ 1964/65. 57-58.; Kalicz, N., ActaAntArch 8(1965) 27-39.; Makkay, J., ActaAntArch 8(1965) 3-18.; Trogmayer, 0., MFMÉ 1966/67. 35-40.; Id., Arch. Ért. 95(1968) 6-11.; Makkay, J., Acta Arch. Hung. 21(1969) 13-31.; Id., Acta Arch.Hung. 26(1974) 144- 154.; Raczky, P., Arch. Ért. 103(1976) 171 - 189.; Id., SzMMÉ 1978.7- 17. 2 Bökönyi, S., Arch.

Ért. 91(1964) 88.; Id., History of domestic mammals in Central and Eastern Europe. (Budapest 1974) 21. 3*