Folia archeologica 16.

Sándor Soproni: Two Inscribed Relics of the Cohors XIIX voluntariorum c. R

TWO INSCRIBED RELICS OF THECOHORS XIIX VOLUNTAKIORUM C. R. 37 ces.

1

3 Afterwards the soldiers of the cohors voluntariorum and of the auxiliary units were similarly recruited from among Roman subjects having various legal status. From that time on no legal differences can be found among the voluntary cohortes and the auxiliary.

1

4 At that time, similarly to the auxiliary units, the troops

15 were probably completed from the hinterlands of the station. Since our inscriptions originate from the middle or the second half of the 2nd century, it is very unlikely that the origin of the persons mentioned in the inscriptions can be established on the basis of their military units. It is equally possible that the person originated from Italy, Pannónia, or other areas. Before summarizing the history of the cohors, an attempt should be made to date the two inscribed relics. The tombstone of M. Valerius Clemens is undeniably characteristic of the second century. The name of the deceased, in addition to the formula DM, is in the nominative case. This is, together with the formula H SE and the word 'centuria', an early feature and for the most part restricts the dating to a period not later than the second third of the century. Thus the tombstone can be assigned to the 40s and 50

s of the 2nd century.

1

6 The other inscribed fragment, mentioned before was the front of a sarcophagus. After the wars of Marcus the burial into a sarcophagus became customary in Pannónia and it came into general use at the end of the century.

1

7 The fragment of the sarcophagus of Titus Atilius . . . may thus be dated to the last third of the second century. Knowing the history of the cohors, a later dating is outruled.

1

8 The name of the cohors XIIX voluntariorum is not unknown among the Pannonian relics and almost all relevant summaries mention the history of the cohors. Up to now, relics of the cohors are known from three places. There is a tombstone inscription from Carnuntum

1'-* and a stamped brick.

2

0 In addition to these two discussed inscriptions, there is an inscribed stone known from Stojnik.

2

1 Besides the inscribed stone monuments also the military diplomas mention several times the cohors among the troops of Pannónia Superior. The name of the unit first occurs in the diploma of Tótvázsony, 16th June 138.

2

2 Then in the diploma of Csapdi (19th June 146),

2

3 in that of Ászár (9th Oct. 148),

2

4 in the diploma of Ószőny (5th July 149),

2

5 in the diploma of Őskü (3rd Nov. 154),

2

6 1

3 Kraft

, K., Zur Rekrutierung der AI <:n und Kohorten an Rhein und Donau. DissBern I/3 (Bern 1951) pp. 82 ff. The study mentions neither the cohors treated in the present article nor its earlier known relics. » Ibid. p. 86. 1

5 Ibid. pp. 43 ff. 1

8 Barkóczi L., Magyar Múzeum 2(1946) 66. He did not know the exact text of the inscription, and on the basis of the HSE he dated the inscription to the end or to the turn of the first century. 1

7 Mócsy A., Pannónia. PWRE IX Suppl. (Stuttgart 1962) 719 ff. with bibliography. 1

8 Barkóczi L., loc. cit. note 48. he assigns it to an early period because of the raised T. 1

9 Bormann, E., RLiÖ 5(1904) 139.; Betz, A., JÖAI 29(1935) ВЫ. p. 323 no. 442.; Vorbeck, В., Militärinschriften aus Carnuntum. (Wien 1954) no. 275. 2

0 Novotny, E., RLiÖ 12(1914) p. 34. 2

1 CIL III 8162 (=6302) = Dessau 2606.; Premers/ein, A.— Viilic, N., JÖAI 3(1900) ВЫ. p. 432

2 CIL XVI 84. 2

3 CIL XVI 178. 2

4 CIL XVI 96. 2

5 CIL XVI 97. " CIL XVI 104.