Folia archeologica 3-4.

Banner János: Badeni leletek a szabolcsmegyei vissről

BANNER: FINDS OF THE BADEN CULTURE. FROM VISS (COUNTY SZABOLCS) 39 Mr. Pál Patay mentioned these finds also in his work

2 but did not deal with them in detail, which is comprehensible as most of the finds lay in fragments among the most recently aquired objects of the Museum. Here they are for the first time published after their reconstruction. Viss as the site of the relics of the Baden culture was known to us without these finds. There is a fragment (Pl. I, fig. 3) with characteristic ornamentation of the Baden culture in the collection

3 of the College at Sárospatak. We do not know whether this fragment came to light from the same site, though it seems probable. Let us look at the finds in the order that they seem to belong together. 1. Large vessel with one handle (PL I, fig. 1). The bottom slightly shaped. The lower part is a truncated cone, somewhat bulgy where it joins the upper part. The handle, bridging over the bulgy part, is stuck onto the surface from the outside. The upper part starts also as a truncated cone but continues concavely. Probably the rim turned slightly outwards but it was destroyed by the plough. Texture gritty, coarsely refined. Badly fired and thus the colour is varying. Different shades of red are determinable on it. Height 29 cm, diameter at the mouth 22 cm, at the belly 25-5 cm, and at the base 13 cm. It had been placed alone and erect in the earth. 2. Longish cup (Pl. I, fig. 7). It was found in fragments but some of the ornamented sherds which came to light with it do not belong to it. Some of its fragments show that originally it had two handles which rose slightly from the rim. The bottom was slightly shaped and circular. The lower part was a truncated cone, strictly bulgy at the middle, the upper part sligtly curved, but erect at the rim. On the belly incised lines cross one another like a network at the upper end of which run round two lines of dots. Quite well refined, carefully fired and smoothed. Reddish grey colour. Height 9-5 cm, diameter at the mouth 10-7x12-2 cm, at the belly 14x15 cm and at the base 5x5-5 cm. This also lay alone. 3. Handled bowl (Pl. II, figs. la—b). In fundamentals it can be traced back to the usual forms of the bowls of the Baden culture, but in its proportions it greatly differs from them. This difference is due to the high upper part. The bottom is distinctly shaped. The lower part curves hemispherically. At the belly a slight protuberance is tangible. The upper part is slightly concave and the rim turns somewhat outwards. The handle is attached above the belly but does not penetrate through the wall of the bowl. It rises above the rim and on its two sides curves slightly to the first strongly projecting wart. Between these two warts there are 2 P. Patay, F rühbronzezeitliche Kulturen in Ungarn, 1938, Diss. Pann. Ser. II, Nos. 13, 14, p. 55. 3 Inv. no. 59/111. other two and thus the top of the handle has four. It is a wide ribbon-handle. Round the belly run triangles, consisting of densely crossing lines, starting at the top each from a dot. Above these dots runs another line of dots without break. Small incisions break up the upright rim. Well refined and smoothed. Carefully fired. Reddish brown in colour with lighter and darker patches. Height 16-8 cm, diameter at the mouth 27-3 cm, at the belly 24-8 cm and at the base 9 cm. 4. Specimen similar in all ways to the previous but smaller (Pl. II, figs. 3a

—b). The top of the handle breaks into three instead of four parts. Height 14 cm, diameter at the mouth 22-5 cm, at the belly 20-5 cm, and at the base 7-8 cm. 5. Pot (Pl. II, fig. 9) with cylindrical upper part and globular lower, decorated with flutings. As the upper part is fragmentary it cannot be determined if the handle, starting from the bottom of the cylindrical neck, reached above the mouth. The base is slightly shaped. Beside the handle it was also provided with three subcutaneous handles horizontally placed. The direction of the decorative flutings is irregular but they are strikingly deep. Well refined, smoothed and fired. Height 12-1 cm, diameter at the mouth 8-8 cm, at the belly 12-5 cm and at the base 6-3 cm. 6. Jug (Pl. I, figs. 2a

—b) with globular lower part, ornamented with flutings and the upper part a truncated cone. The base is shaped. The fluting-ornamentation breaks up in four places, on each of which there is a strongly projecting, downward running convex ornament, consisting of slanting flutings. The handle starts from the truncated cone and reaches above the upright rim. The form of the handle is the same as those of specimens nos. 3 and 4. The top of the handle has three projections. The execution and colour are the same as those of the former specimens. Height 25-7 cm, diameter at the mouth 10-2 cm, at the belly 15 cm and at the base 6 cm. 7. Pot (PL II, fig. 6) with flattened hemispherical lower part, strongly pouched at the middle and the upper part in the form of a truncated cone. The base is slightly shaped. The ribbon-handle starts from the upper part and originally could have risen above the upright rim. Its execution is the same as that of the former specimens. Height 16-5 cm, diameter at the mouth 8x8-7 cm, at the belly 18 cm and at the base 6-8 cm. 8. Small cup (Pl. I, fig

,. 6) ornamented with flutings. Its complete form could not be reconstructed, thus the bottom is not authentic. Probably it was not quite globular. The rim slightly turns out. The handle starts from the belly and reaches the edge of the mouth. It has a prolongation, which strongly projects above the rim. This is carefully executed and rises in a beautiful curve. Carefully executed, well fired. Colour grey with variegated patches here and there. Height 6-5 cm, diameter at the mouth 7-2 cm, at the belly 7-1 cm, the measurement of the bottom is uncertain. 9. Handled bowl (Pl. I, figs. 12a—b). The bottom slightly shaped. Flattened hemispherical lower part. The upper part turns out irregularly. The handle rises above the rim and breaks into three parts. At the junction of the upper and lower parts a slight keel is