Fogorvosi szemle, 2021 (114. évfolyam, 1-4. szám)
2021-12-01 / 4. szám
FOGORVOSI SZEMLE 114. évf. 4. sz. 2021. n 171 Figure 3: Linear measurements used in our study (a) Frontal view. (b) and (c) Lateral views. Figure 2: Landmarks used in our study located directly on the 3D-facial images (a) Frontal view. (b) and (c) Lateral views. patients were re-aligned; then, the measurements were recalculated a month later by the same investigator. Intra-examiner reliability was evaluated utilizing the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The random errors were calculated according to Dahlberg’s formula (D = √ ∑ d2/2N) [19 ], where D is the error variance, d is the difference between the first and second measure, and N is the sample size which was re-measured. The systematic errors were also assessed by the dependent t-test. The (T0 ) and (T 1 ) linear and angular meas urements were compared. Significant differences at the level of 5% significance were tested utilizing the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Likewise, for every patient, a 3D deviation analysis was performed to calculate not only maximum positive and negative deviations, but also mean deviation amounts for the facial meshes. Additionally, the deviation magnitude for specific facial landmarks was calculated directly on the 3D-assessed meshes. All statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS Inc. v 24; Chicago, IL, USA). Results Based on Shapiro–Wilk test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, all parameters were normally distributed. The ICC values between the two sets of measurements were high (range 0.816–0.924). The amount of random error was small enough (less than 0.5 mm/°), and no systematic errors were found in the measurements obtained on the two different occasions (p ≥ 0.05). We found statistically significant increases in the nasal and nasal base width, the upper lip height, and
