Fogorvosi szemle, 2009 (102. évfolyam, 1-6. szám)

2009-04-01 / 2. szám

76

FOGORVOSI SZEMLE ■ 102. évf. 2. sz. 2009.

THE RULES OF HEALTHY LIFE AND ORAL HEALTH

Simon Tamás

Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Dept, of Public Health, Budapest, Hungary

The twelve rules of healthy life are:

• Personal hygiene

• Healthy eating

• Move more

• Stress-solving

• Moderate sexual activity

• No smoking

• Less alcohol consumption

• Drug refusing

• Accident prevention

• Go in time to see your doctor

• Compliance

• Environment protection

Every rules - except the one for moving more - have relations to oral hygiene. The presentation will show and evaluate these relations.

DETECTION AND PRIMARY

PREVENTION OF ORAL CANCER - THE ROLE OF

THE DENTAL TEAM

Squier Christopher, Slach N

College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City,

USA

Hungary has the highest prevalence of oro-pharyngeal cancer in Europe, and for Hungarian men this represents the third most frequent cause of cancer death. Among the factors that cause oral cancer, the most important are smoking and alcohol use; in a recent study from northeastern Hungary, 65.5% of cancer patients were smokers and 75.5% consumed alcohol (Nemes et al., Path One Res, 14:85, 2008). This reflects the high rate of smoking (for example, 44% of men and 30% of women smoked in Hungary in 2006 as compared to 24% and 18% respectively in the US) and alcohol consumption (in 2004 the WHO ranked Hungary 16th highest among 185 countries).

This data means that asking every patient about smoking and alcohol use and recording the data is an important part of responsible dental care. A major problem in diagnosing oral cancer is that the small lesion which is most easily treated is generally asymptomatic so that the patient is unaware of its presence. It is therefore also important, as required by legislation, that the dentist carefully examine the oral mucosa for signs of potentially malignant lesions and ask the patient about ulcers and lesions that do not heal.

As well as screening for mucosal lesions, the dentist should also counsel patients who smoke and drink about their habits and advise them to reduce or cease them. For patients who smoke, the dental team should use a brief clinical intervention, represented by the five A’s; (i) ASK every patient whether they smoke and document the results; (ii) ADVISE every smoker to quit; (iii) ASSESS their willingness to quit; (iv) ASSIST those who are willing to quit; (v) ARRANGE follow up for those quitting. This brief clinical intervention can take as little as 3 minutes and can be shared among the dental team. A critical adjunct to this intervention is pharmaco-therapy, such as nicotine replacement therapy or buoproprion or champix, to further assist the patient to quit.

ORAL HEALTH AND ORAL HEALTH BEHAVIOUR - NATIONAL SURVEYS

Szőke Judit

Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

During the past decades a dramatic decline of dental caries prevalence was observed mainly in children and adolescents in most industrialized countries. This favourable change made it possible for the countries to attain WHO oral health global goals for the year 2000.

The aim of this presentation is •to give up-to-date information on the national oral disease status and trends with special respect to the 2008 survey among children;

• to describe dental health behaviour and prevention awareness among the population.

The clinical investigations and questionnaire surveys were conducted in compliance with WHO standard diagnostic criteria and methodology in the target age groups at 17 sampling sites.

Results:

•The ratio of caries-free 6-year-old children has increased, amounting to 41 % in 2008.

•The caries prevalence of the 12-year-old children shows a steady decreasing trend. Their D3MFT mean value was 5.0 in 1985 which decreased to 2.5 in 2008.

•Only 66 % of the 18-year-old adolescents have full dentition in contrast to WHO target of 85 %.

•The DMFT levels were stable in the 35-44-year-old population.

• The ratio of edentulousness was 26% in those aged 65-74 years.

33% of the children know that the toothpaste they use contains fluoride. 12.7% of the adults were found to use dental floss. 51.0% of those surveyed were unaware that oral tumours are more frequent among smokers, and only 25.3 % saw a correlation between smoking and periodontal diseases.

Findings of the surveys indicate that WHO 2000