Fogorvosi szemle, 2004 (97. évfolyam, 1-6. szám)

2004-02-01 / 1. szám

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FOGORVOSI SZEMLE ■ 97. évf. 1. sz. 2004.

betegségek kezelésében forradalmi változások történtek az elmúlt húsz évben, a modern gyógyszeres terápiának köszönhetően a betegek életminősége és életkilátásai rendkívüli mértékben javultak annak ellenére, hogy a betegségek okát máig sem ismerjük pontosan. A fogorvos feladata tehát fontos: egyrészt a betegségek, másrészt a terápia mellékhatásaként keletkező szájüregi és az abból következően esetleg súlyosabb általános manifesztációk megelőzése és kezelése. Kiemelendő feladat ezen felül a korai felismerés, hiszen az időben megkezdett terápia gyakran a beteg teljes gyógyulását eredményezi.

RISK PATIENTS WITH CLEFT LIP AND PALATE

MÉRÉI Eszter, LOVÁSZ Márta

Pécs University Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry, Pécs, Hungary

Objectives: The development of the disorders cleft lip and palate is multifactorial of etiology. Material and methods: For the treatment of the patients with these diseases, a team had been established containing pediatric surgeon, oral surgeon, orthodontist, logopedist, ear, nose and throat specialist, nurse and coordinator, later connected pediatric dentist. On the basis of the experience of 300 patients’ therapy we should like to show practical steps in dental prevention which help to inhibit the seriousness of the anomalies.

WHO STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTION OF HEALTH: REDUCING RISKS, PROMOTING HEALTHY LIFESTYLES

PETERSEN Pout Erik

Oral Health Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Chronic diseases are leading health problems in all industrialized countries of Europe. The rapidly changing disease patterns throughout the region have widened the gap between western and eastern countries; the new disease patterns primarily relate to changing lifestyles, i.e. diets rich in sugars, widespread use of tobacco and excessive consumption of alcohol. In addition to socio-environmental conditions, oral health is highly related to the mentioned lifestyle factors which are common risks to most chronic diseases. Oral diseases are costly burdens to health systems in most countries and the severe impact in terms of pain and suffering, impairment of function and their effects on quality of life must also be considered. The greatest burden of oral disease is on the disadvantaged and socially marginalized populations who also are underserved as regards oral health care. In several East European countries the

need for oral health care has grown in parallel to transition of oral health systems. The utilization of oral health services is relatively low; there is little focus on outreach service and preventive oral care for the major target population groups. The WHO Global Oral Health Programme has developed a strategy for promotion of oral health and prevention of oral disease which is based on the common risk factors approach and reorientation of oral health services. The presentation intends to discuss the goals and targets for improved oral health in the 21st century and the priority action areas identified by the WHO are outlined. Emphasis is given to the challenges for better health in the European region and the role of the WHO.

COST-EFFECTIVE CARIES PREVENTION IN CHILDREN

PIENIHÄKKINEN Kaisu Turku University, Turku, Finland

The clinical effectiveness of methods used in caries prevention may have changed from the time the effect was demonstrated. One reason could be the observed change in caries prevalence. Secondly, the methods are usually used simultaneously. For instance, if one method results in 40% and the other in 30% reduction in caries development, their combined effect hardly reaches 70% reduction, but something clearly less than that. Additionally, the clinical effects of preventive methods have seldom been studied in relation to the associated costs. The economic evaluation of any prevention method should be based on the assumption that the method is clinically efficient. Even if the method or treatment has low costs, it cannot be rational, if it is clinically ineffective. To the patient extra treatment may be harmless, but in the world of limited resources, the cost of unnecessary or wrongly targeted prevention is a problem for those who pay the treatment. There are no simple models for timing and targeting prevention. Namely, all models have to be adjusted to the caries level of the population. According to recent studies, early health education and caries prevention for parents of infants and toddlers are important in populations with high caries level. Even in populations with improving or low caries prevalence early prevention is most probably rational and should be emphasized.

IDENTIFICATION OF RISK GROUPS IN SMALL CHILDREN

PIENIHÄKKINEN Kaisu Turku University, Turku, Finland

The success of risk-based caries prevention depends on success in both screening and prevention. In schoolchil-