Egyháztörténeti Szemle 15. (2014)
2014 / 4. szám - SUMMARIES IN ENGLISH - Nemes Gábor: Losen Possibilities. Internal Affairs of Pope Clemens VII’s and Hungarian King Louis II’s Countries (1523-1526) - Posta Anna: The response of Alistáli Farkas Jakab from 1652 as a source of De summa scholarum necessitate of Apáczai
Summaries in English Summaries in English Losen Possibilities. Internal Affairs of Pope Clemens VII’s and Hungarian King Louis II’s Countries (1523— 1526) Nemes, Gábor The Pope interfered several times with shaping the internal political power relations of Hungary in order to rule out political figures causing internal hardships and support figures that were loyal to the Holy See beyond doubt. Although István Verbőci enjoyed the full support of the Pope, his promotion to the office of palatine can not be attributed to any direct papal interference. However, in case of the Chancellor’s office his Holiness exerted serious pressure. He promoted István Brodarics, the Hungarian king’s envoy to Rome to the office, instead of László Szálkái Archbishop of Esztergom, who was presented in unfavourable light in Nuncio Burgio’s reports to Rome who had received this denouncing information from János Bornemissza. At the same time, the diplomacy of the Holy See got into difficult situation, since the Pope would have needed the services of Szálkái in the matter of returning the Czech Utraquists to the Catholic Church which issue had gained importance because of the unification of the radical Picard sect with the Lutherans. So, Clemens VII had promised the biretta to Szálkái in case of the success of the confessional union, but later he made it dependent upon Szalkai’s resign from his Chancellor’s office. Paradoxically, the promised biretta was simultaneously a means of motivation and recompense. The response of Alistáli Farkas Jakab from 1652 as a source of De summa scholarum necessitate of Apáczai Posta, Anna Alistáli Farkas Jakab and Apáczai Csere János both were students of the Academy of Utrecht in the middle of the 17th century, thus the interference of their works is not surprising at all. In 1652, when Alistáli presented his dissertation about schools (Problemata aliquot ad politiam ecclesiasticam de scholis) under the presidency of Voetius Gisbert, Apáczai was present as well. Four years later, on 20th November, 1656, in Kolozsvár, he gave his famous inaugural speech (About the need for education and state of schools in Hungary). Bán Imre, in his monograph of Apáczai, holds that the disputation of Alistáli is the most inspiring prefiguration of the inaugural speech titled De summa scholarum necessitate. However, he hardly mentions the correspondences between the two, he does not analyze the philology and content of the texts. The main aim of this paper is to do so: to detail analogies mentioned by Bán Imre and to reveal more, so far unknown similarities. In addition to the comparative text analysis and the
