Egyháztörténeti Szemle 14. (2013)
2013 / 2. szám - SUMMARIES IN ENGLISH - Petrás Éva: The Social Teaching and the Social Question - The Reception of the Catholic Social Teaching among the Hungarian Catholic Intelligentsia, 1931-1944
Summaries in English The Social Teaching and the Social Question - The Reception of the Catholic Social Teaching among the Hungarian Catholic Intelligentsia, 1931-1944 Petr ás, Éva In this essay the author have examined the history of social Catholicism in Hungary in the formative years between 1931-1944. I have followed the trajectory of the reception of the so-called Catholic social teaching among a segment of the Hungarian Catholic intelligentsia from the beginning of the 1930s when a group of Catholic intellectuals started to interpret the social teaching and apply it to Hungarian social contexts. The authors investigations let her set up the hypothesis that it concluded in new understandings Catholic politization which led to the Christian Democratic political ideas after World War II. The social teaching of the popes was expressed in the encyclicals of Rerum Novarum (1891) and Quadragesimo Anno (1931). Its lay Catholic approach was unprecedented in the Hungarian church history and in some cases led to a conflict with the Hungarian official church. The new Catholic press, which came into being at that time, became the platform of Catholic avantgarde experimenting with new social and political ideas like corporatism, or parliamentary democracy. The papal teaching was seen as a social theory being capable of responding the challenge, which the problematic ideas and practices of modernity brought forth in philosophy, politics, culture and religion. In this milieu those ideas were formed, which became especially important after World War II. Stephen Benko and of the Hungarian Soviet Republic (Republic of Councils) Molnár, Sándor Károly During Hungarian Soviet Republic Council (Republic of Councils) Protestant chaplain declarations mostly known only from secondary sources. The preserved documents of Pest Protestant Diocese County Court help us to investigate this little-known period. The events between protestants of Budapest can be reconstructed by the remaining sources of trial documents. The study is based on the trial of Stephen Benko, whom was a chaplain in Rákospalota (Document I is document of Public Prosecutor's Office prosecution of Stephen Benko). The presentation of Stephen Benko on 2nd April 1919. (Document II.) is unique from the period of Hungarian Soviet Republic (Republic of Councils) as there is only a few well-documented sources. According to the documents it can be reconstructed how a Protestant chaplain thought and what data were obtained to the participants. The plea itself (Document III.) as a source is just as important as it was become one of the basic documents of the Protestant historians in this period, although it has not been published yet. Pleading of Stephen Benko refine the current understanding of the Hungarian Soviet Republic (Republic of Councils) in many aspects to during and their significance.
