Az Eszterházy Károly Tanárképző Főiskola Tudományos Közleményei. 1998. Vol. 2. Eger Journal of English Studies.(Acta Academiae Paedagogicae Agriensis : Nova series ; Tom. 26)

Studies - Éva Kovács: Identification of phrasal verbs in the literature

quarrel), Prepositions, e.g. Who are you getting at? (At whom are your remarks covertly aimed?) and Advpreps, e.g. It didn't quite come off (It failed to produce the hoped-for effect.) Mechner (1965:43) concentrates on the problem of patterns of verbparticle collocations. His examples contain one of the following verbs: come, go, give, get, put, take, make, keep, and one of the following particles: about, across, after, again, against, among, at, before, between, by, down, far, for, forward, from, here, in, off, on, over, out, there, through, to, under, up, with" The author distinguishes six patterns of verb-particle collocation. They are the following: Group I Pattern 1: Subject Verb Particle Pattern 2: Subject Verb Particle Object Pattern 2 a: Subject Verb Object Particle Group II Pattern 1: Subject Verb (Particle Object) Pattern 2: Subject Verb Object (Particle Object) Pattern 2 a: Subject Verb (Particle Object) Object In fact the particles in the three patterns of Group I are adverbs, and those in the three patterns of Group II are prepositions. Sroka (1965:85) employs the term 'phrasal verb' to include (1) verb + adverb collocations, e.g .fall out, (2) verb + preposition collocations, e.g. go for, (3) verb - AP collocations with the Adverbial Function of the A-P word, e.g. take in, and (4) verb - AP collocations with the Prepositional Function of the A-P word, e.g. run across. Dixon (1982:38) uses the term 'phrasal verb' for any combination of verb and preposition(s) where the meaning of the combination cannot be fully inferred from the meanings of the component words. He states that there is no strict cut-off point, but rather a continuum - ranging from fully literal combinations like stand on /XJ, take /XJ under /Y/, through go out (of/X/), put /X/ on /Y/, to semi-literal wash /X/ down, pick/X/ up, and finally strongly phrasal verbs like have /XJ on and put up with /XJ. Dixon (1982:14) distinguishes six sub-types of phrasal verbs: (He uses 'N' for a noun phrase and 'p' for a preposition; each phrasal verb begins with a verbal element and it is not included in the formula.) (I) p e.g. set in, come to, fall through, pass out (II) pN e.g. take after /X/, come by /X/, set about /X/, pick on /X/ (III) Np e.g. put /XJ off, take/X/on, put/X/ up, bring /XJ down (IV) NpN e.g. see /X/ through /XJ, hold /XJ against /Y/, take /X/for ÍY/ 122